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Sección 1
Conceptos Básicos
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Garcia SML, Fernández CG. Embriologia. Porto Alegre: Artmed; 2009.
2. Wolpert L, et al. Princípios de biologia do desenvolvimento. In: Beddington R, Brockes J, Jessel T, et al. Princípios de biologia do desenvolvimento. 2000;484-484.
3. Schoenwolf GC, Bleyl SB, Brauer PR, Franciswest PH. Larsen: embriologia humana. Rio de Janeiro; 1996.
4. Moore K. Embriologia básica. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier Brasil; 2008.
Sección 1
Conceptos Básicos
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Hirsch C. The reaction of intervertebral discs to compression forces. J Bone Joint Surg. 1955;37A:1188.
2. Prasad P, King AI, Ewing CL. The role of articular facets during +Gz acceleration. J Appl Mech. 1974;41:321.
3. Yoganandan N, Kumaresan S, Pintar FA. Spinal facet joint biomechanics and mechanotransduction in injury and degeneration. Spine Pain. 2011.
4. Pal GP, Routal RV, Saggu SK. The orientation of the articular facets of the zygapophyseal joints at the cervical and upper thoracic region. J Anat. 2001;198(Pt 4):431–441.
5. Tebet MA, Barros Filho TEP, Machado IR, Paulin JBP, Shimano AC. Estudo biomecânico por impacto do mecanismo de flexão com rotação axial da coluna cervical de cadáveres. Acta Ortop Bras. 1999;7(1):29.
6. Naylor A, Happey F, MacRae T. Changes in the lumbar intervertebral disc with age: a biophysical study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1955;3:964.
7. Markolf KL, Morris JM. The structural components of the intervertebral disc. J Bone Joint Surg. 1974;56A:675.
8. Nachemson A, Morris JM. In vivo measurements of intradiscal pressure: discometry. J Bone Joint Surg. 1974;46A:1077.
9. Panjabi MM, White AA, Brand RA. A note on defining body parts configurations. J Biomech. 1974;7:385.
10. White AA III, Panjabi MM. Clinical biomechanics of the spine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1990.
11. Farfan HF. Mechanical disorders of the low back. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1973.
12. Herkowitz HN, Garfin SR, Eismont FJ, Bell GR, Balderston RA. Rothman-Simeone the spine. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Inc.; 2006. p. 132–156.
13. Lumsden RM, Morris JM. An in vivo study of axial rotation and immobilization at the lumbosacral joint. J Bone Joint Surg. 1968;50A:1591.
14. Rolander SD. Motion of the lumbar spine with special reference to the stabilizing effect of posterior fusion. Acta Orthop Scand. 1966;(Suppl 99).
15. Cossette JW, Farfan HF, Robertson GH, Wells RV. The instantaneous center of rotation of the third intervertebral joint. J Biomech. 1971;4:149.
Sección 1
Conceptos Básicos
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. As referências foram mantidas na ordem e com a numeração apresentadas no capítulo. A formatação foi uniformizada segundo o padrão Vancouver, sem completar dados por suposição.
2. Alvarez FJ, Fyffe RE. The continuing case for the Renshaw cell. J Physiol. 2007 Oct 1;584(Pt 1):31–45. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.136200. Epub 2007 Jul 19.
3. Rexed B. The cytoarchitectonic organization of the spinal cord in cat. J Comp Neurol. 1952;96:415–495.
4. Rexed B. A cytoarchitectonic atlas of the spinal cord in the cat. J Comp Neurol. 1954;100:297–379.
5. Rexed B. Some aspects of the cytoarchitcctonics and synaptology of the spinal cord. In: Eccles JC, Schade JP, editors. Progress in brain research. Vol. II. Organization of the spinal cord. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1964. p. 58–92.
6. Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science. 1965;150(3699):971–979.
7. Price TJ, Prescott SA. Inhibitory regulation of the pain gate and how its failure causes pathological pain. Pain. 2015;156(5):789–792.
8. Machado ABM. Neuroanatomia funcional. 4. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2004.
9. Tan S, Faull RLM, Curtis MA. The tracts, cytoarchitecture, and neurochemistry of the spinal cord. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2023;306(4):777–819. doi: 10.1002/ar.25079.
10. Carpenter MB. Human neuroanatomy. 9th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1996.
Sección 1
Conceptos Básicos
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Denaro V, Di Martino A. Cervical spine surgery: an historical perspective. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011 Mar;469(3):639-48. doi: 10.1007/s11999-010-1752-3. PMID: 21213087; PMCID: PMC3032865.
2. Araújo JA, Ribeiro R, Fiore N. Anatomia e técnicas: abordagens anterior e laterais à coluna vertebral. Programa de formação contínua. AO Spine Latin America; 2015.
3. De Boer P, Buckley R, Hoppenfeld S. Surgical exposures in orthopaedics: the anatomic approach. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2022.
4. Simeone H, Herkowitz. The spine. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2018. p. 318-326.
5. Canale ST, Beaty JH, Campbell WC, Daugherty K, Burns B. Campbell’s operative orthopaedics: get full access and more at ExpertConsult.com. 12th ed., international ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby; 2013.
6. Mantelli E, Fiore N. Anatomia e técnicas: abordagens posteriores. Programa de formação contínua. AO Spine Latin America; 2015.
7. Zdeblick T, Albert T. The spine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014. p. 6-7.
8. Vigo V, Pastor-Escartín F, Doniz-Gonzalez A, Quilis-Quesada V, Capilla-Guasch P, González-Darder JM, et al. The Smith-Robinson approach to the subaxial cervical spine: a stepwise microsurgical technique using volumetric models from anatomic dissections. Operative Surg. 2021;20(1):83-90.
9. Chibbaro S, Mirone G, Bresson D, George B. Cervical spine lateral approach for myeloradiculopathy: technique and pitfalls. Surgical Neurology. 2009;72(4):318-24.
10. Fountas KN, Kapsalaki EZ, Nikolakakos LG, et al. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion associated complications. Spine. 2007;32(21):2310-7.
11. Jung A, Schramm J. How to reduce recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in anterior cervical spine surgery: a prospective observational study. Neurosurgery. 2010;67(1):10-5.
12. Whitehill R. Late esophageal perforation from an autogenous bone grat: report of a case. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1985;67:644-5.
13. Bridwell K, DeWald R. The textbook of spinal surgery. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011. p. 128-129.
14. Kim DH, Vaccaro AR, Dickman CA, Cho D, Lee S, Kim I. Surgical anatomy and techniques to the spine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006.
15. Civelek E, Karasu A, Cansever T, et al. Surgical anatomy of the cervical sympathetic trunk during anterolateral approach to cervical spine. Eur Spine J. 2008;17(8):991-5. doi: 10.1007/s00586-008-0696-8.
16. Schroeder GD, Hsu WK. Vertebral artery injuries in cervical spine surgery. Surg Neurol Int. 2013;4(Suppl 5):S362-7. Published 2013 Oct 29. doi: 10.4103/2152-7806.120777.
Sección 1
Conceptos Básicos
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Xu R BA Ebraheim NA. The quantitative anatomy of the laminas of the spine. Spine. 1999;24:107-113.
2. Maiman DJ, Pintar FA. Anatomy and clinical biomechanics of the thoracic spine. Clin Neurosurg. 1992;38:296-324.
3. Chaynes P, Sol JC, Vaysse P, Bécue J, Lagarrigue J. Vertebral pedicle anatomy in relation to pedicle screw fixation: a cadaver study. Surg Radiol Anat. 2001;23(2):85-90.
4. Attar A, Ugur HC, Uz A, Tekdemir I, Egemen N, Genc Y. Lumbar pedicle: surgical anatomic evaluation and relationships. Eur Spine J. 2001 Feb;10(1):10-5.
5. Ebraheim NA, Xu R, Ahmad M, Yeasting RA. The quantitative anatomy of the thoracic facet and the posterior projection of its inferior facet. Spine. 1997 Aug 15;22(16):1811-7; discussion 1818.
6. Schuster J. Posterior thoracic instrumentation. In: Youmans neurological surgery. 6th ed. New York: Elsevier; 2011. p. 3061.
7. White AA, Panjabi M. Clinical biomechanics of the spine. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1990. 752 p.
8. Ryan DJ, Protopsaltis TS, Ames CP, Hostin R, Klineberg E, Mundis GM, et al. T1 pelvic angle (TPA) effectively evaluates sagittal deformity and assesses radiographical surgical outcomes longitudinally. Spine. 2014 Jul 1;39(15):1203-10.
9. Smith TK, Stallone RJ, Yee JM. The thoracic surgeon and anterior spinal surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1979 Jun;77(6):925-8.
10. Lubelski D, Abdullah KG, Steinmetz MP, Masters F, Benzel EC, Mroz TE, et al. Lateral extracavitary, costotransversectomy, and transthoracic thoracotomy approaches to the thoracic spine: review of techniques and complications. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2013 Jun;26(4):222-32.
11. Banczerowski P, Bognár L, Rappaport ZH, Veres R, Vajda J. Novel surgical approach in the management of longitudinal pathologies within the spinal canal: the split laminotomy and “archbone” technique: alternative to multilevel laminectomy or laminotomy. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg. 2014;41:47-70.
12. Xiao X, Wu Z, Zhang L, Jia G, Zhang J, Tang J, et al. Using the C7-T3 spinous processes as landmarks for the localization of thoracic spinal lesions: technique notes. Neurosurg Rev. 2014 Jan;37(1):147-52.
13. Burrington JD, Brown C, Wayne ER, Odom J. Anterior approach to the thoracolumbar spine: technical considerations. Arch Surg Chic Ill 1960. 1976 Apr;111(4):456-63.
14. Heitmiller RF. The left thoracoabdominal incision. Ann Thorac Surg. 1988 Aug;46(2):250-3.
15. Baaj AA, Papadimitriou K, Amin AG, Kretzer RM, Wolinsky JP, Gokaslan ZL. Surgical anatomy of the diaphragm in the anterolateral approach to the spine: a cadaveric study. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2014 Jun;27(4):220-3.
16. Micheli LJ, Hood RW. Anterior exposure of the cervicothoracic spine using a combined cervical and thoracic approach. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1983 Sep;65(7):992-7.
17. Anderson TM, Mansour KA, Miller JI. Thoracic approaches to anterior spinal operations: anterior thoracic approaches. Ann Thorac Surg. 1993 Jun;55(6):1447-51; discussion 1451-2.
18. McElvein RB, Nasca RJ, Dunham WK, Zorn GL. Transthoracic exposure for anterior spinal surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 1988 Mar;45(3):278-83.
Sección 1
Conceptos Básicos
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Gotecha S, Punia P, Ranade D, Patil A, Chugh A, Kotecha M. Anterior approach to the thoracic and thoracolumbar spine: a prospective study in our hospital. Egypt Spine J. 2020;34(1):36-47. doi:10.21608/esj.2020.24832.1125.
2. Moreira CHT, Krause Neto W, Meves R. Thoracolumbar burst fractures: short fixation, without arthrodesis and without removal of the implant. Acta Ortop Bras. 2023 Apr 17;31(spe 1):e253655. doi:10.1590/1413785220233101e253655.
3. Capener N. The evolution of lateral rhachotomy. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1954 May;36B(2):173-9. doi:10.1302/0301620X.36B2.173.
4. Matur AV, MejiaMunne JC, Plummer ZJ, Cheng JS, Prestigiacomo CJ. The history of anterior and lateral approaches to the lumbar spine. World Neurosurg. 2020 Dec;144:213-21. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2020.09.083.
5. Hodgson AR, Stock FE. Anterior spinal fusion: a preliminary communication on the radical treatment of Pott’s disease and Pott’s paraplegia. Br J Surg. 1956 Nov;44(185):266-75. doi:10.1002/bjs.18004418508.
6. Gilroy AM, MacPherson BR. Atlas de anatomia. 3. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2017.
7. Sobotta J, Becher H, eds. Atlas de anatomia humana. Músculos. 17. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 1977. p. 142-9.
8. Albert JT, Berta CS, Grossman E. Surgical approaches to the posterior thoracic spine. In: Herkowitz HN, Garfin SR, Eismont FJ, Bell GR, Balderston RA, eds. RothmanSimeone The Spine. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2006. p. 308-19.
9. Koshino T, Murakami G, Sato TJ, Tsugane MH, Fujisawa Y, Mawatari T, et al. Configurations of the segmental and subsegmental bronchi and arteries in the right upper lobe of the human lung with special reference to their concomitant relations and double subsegmental arterial supply. Anat Sci Int. 2002 Mar;77(1):64-73. doi:10.1046/j.00227722.2002.00010.x.
10. Taterra D, Skinningsrud B, Pekala PA, Hsieh WC, Cirocchi R, Walocha JA, et al. Artery of Adamkiewicz: a meta-analysis of anatomical characteristics. Neuroradiology. 2019;61(8):869-80. doi:10.1007/s00234-019-02207-y.
11. Piola FPF, Nogueira-Barbosa MH, Maranho DAC, Martins AA, Barbosa MF, Silva Herrero CFP. Identification of the artery of Adamkiewicz using multidetector computed tomography angiography. Rev Bras Ortop. 2020;55(1):70-4. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1700829.
12. Xu DS, Walker CT, Farber SH, Godzik J, Gandhi SV, Koffie RM, et al. Surgical anatomy of minimally invasive lateral approaches to the thoracolumbar junction. J Neurosurg Spine. 2021 Dec 31;36(6):937-44. doi:10.3171/2021.10.SPINE21793.
13. Light RW. Doenças da pleura. 3. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Revinter; 2020. capítulo 1.480 p.
14. Podet AG, Morrow KD, Robichaux JM, Shields JA, DiGiorgio AM, Tender GC. Minimally invasive lateral corpectomy for thoracolumbar traumatic burst fractures. Neurosurg Focus. 2020 Sep;49(3):E12. doi:10.3171/2020.6.FOCUS20366.
15. Lee EW, Shin JH, Ko HK, Park J, Kim SH, Sung KB. Lymphangiography to treat postoperative lymphatic leakage: a technical review. Korean J Radiol. 2014;15(6):724-32. doi:10.3348/kjr.2014.15.6.724.
16. Han SJ, Lau D, Lu DC, Theodore P, Chou D. Anterior thoracolumbar corpectomies: approach morbidity with and without an access surgeon. Neurosurgery. 2011 May;68(5):1220-5; discussion 1225-6. doi:10.1227/NEU.0b013e31820eb287.
17. Hsu HT, Teng MS, Yang SS, Huang KF, Wen CS, Li TC, et al. Anterior approach for surgery of thoracolumbar spine: surgical outcomes of one selftrained neurosurgeon. Formosan J Surg. 2013;46(5):157-65. doi:10.1016/j.fjs.2013.06.004.
18. Lindeire S, Hauser JM. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–. PMID:30422566.
19. Sato K, Kotani T, Sakuma T, Iijima Y, Asada T, Akazawa T, et al. Prevalence of pleural injury in an extrapleural approach to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and association of pleural injury with postoperative respiratory function. J Orthop Sci. 2024 Jan;29(1):71-7. doi:10.1016/j.jos.2022.11.009.
Sección 1
Conceptos Básicos
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Rathbone J, Rackham M, Nielsen D, Lee SM, Hing W, Riar S, Scott-Young M. A systematic review of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) versus posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), posterolateral lumbar fusion (PLF). Eur Spine J. 2023 Jun;32(6):1911-1926. doi:10.1007/s00586-023-07567-x. Epub 2023 Apr 18. PMID:37071155.
2. Palacios P, Palacios I, Palacios A, Gutiérrez JC, Mariscal G, Lorente A. Efficacy and safety of the extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) technique in spine surgery: meta-analysis of 1409 patients. J Clin Med. 2024 Feb 7;13(4):960. doi:10.3390/jcm13040960. PMID:38398273; PMCID:PMC10889658.
3. Feng DP, Liu MQ, Zhang W, Wang JQ, Li ZW. Anterior column realignment via a minimally invasive hybrid approach in adult spinal deformity surgery: a short-term retrospective study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023 Dec 19;24(1):979. doi:10.1186/s12891-023-07106-1. PMID:38114995; PMCID:PMC10729504.
4. The classic. Cleavage of the cutis: the anatomy and physiology of the skin. Karl Langer. In: Sitzungberiche Akadamie der Wissenshaften Math Natur W CL. Vol. 43, Part 1, June 1861. Clin Orthop Relat Res [Internet]. (91):3-12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4574066.
5. Abyaneh M-AY, Griffith R, Falto-Aizpurua L, Nouri K. Famous lines in history. JAMA Dermatol [Internet]. 2014 Oct 1;150(10):1087. Available from: http://archderm.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.659.
6. Moore KL, Dalley AF. Anatomia orientada para a clínica. 4. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2001. 1023 p.
7. Gray J, Mizell J. Anatomy of the abdominal wall [Internet]. UpToDate; 2016 [cited 2016 Jul 11]. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com.
8. Pereira Filho ARD. Iliolumbar vein: a challenge for the exposure of the L4-5 disc in the anterior approach to the lumbar spine. Eur Spine J. 2023;32:329-335. doi:10.1007/s00586-022-07400-x.
9. Mirza MZ, Olson SL, Panthofer AM, Matsumura JS, Williams SK. Surgeon learning curve and clinical outcomes of minimally invasive anterior lumbar interbody fusion with posterior percutaneous instrumentation. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. 2022 Dec 5;6(12):e22.00207. doi:10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-22-00207. PMID:36732304; PMCID:PMC9726293.
10. Wood KB, Devine J, Fischer D, Dettori JR, Janssen M. Vascular injury in elective anterior lumbo-sacral surgery. Spine. 2010;35(9 Suppl):S66-S75.
11. Sasso RC, Burkus JK, LeHuec JC. Retrograde ejaculation after anterior lumbar interbody fusion: transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal exposure. Spine. 2003;28(10):1023-1026.
12. Aghayev K, Vrionis FD. Mini-open lateral retroperitoneal lumbar spine approach using psoas muscle retraction technique: technical report and initial results on six patients. Eur Spine J. 2013 Sep;22(9):2113-2119. doi:10.1007/s00586-013-2931-1. Epub 2013 Aug 1. PMID:23904000; PMCID:PMC3777064.
Sección 1
Conceptos Básicos
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Dubousset J. Three-dimensional analysis of the scoliotic deformity. The pediatric spine: principles and practice. New York: Raven Press; 1994.
2. Le Huec JC, Aunoble S, Pellet N, Sibilla F, Saddiki R, Roussouly P. Importance de l’analyse de l’équilibre sagittal en pathologie rachidienne – rôle de la balance spino-pelvienne dans les maladies dégénératives du rachis. Maîtrise Orthopédique. 2009;184.
3. Le Huec JC, Thompson W, Mohsinaly Y, Barrey C, Faundez A. Sagittal balance of the spine. European Spine Journal. 2019;28(9):1889-905.
4. Rothman-Simeone. The spine. 2 ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2006.
5. Dufour M, Pillu M. Biomécanique Fonctionelle. 1 ed. Paris: Masson; 2006. p. 438-439.
6. Konz RJ, Fatone S, Stine RL, Ganju A, Gard SA, Ondra SL. A kinematic model to assess motion during walking. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31(24).
7. Saha D, Gard S, Fatone S. The effect of trunk flexion on able-bodied gait. Gait Posture. 2008;27(4):653-60.
8. Vialle R, Levassor N, Rillardon L, Templier A, Skalli W, Guigui P. Radiographic analysis of the sagittal alignment and balance of the spine in asymptomatic subjects. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005;87(2):260-7.
9. Henneman SA, Antoneli PHL, Oliveira GC. Incidência pélvica: um parâmetro fundamental para definição do equilíbrio sagital da coluna vertebral. Coluna/Columna. 2012;11(2):139-56.
10. Roussouly P, Gollogly S, Berthonnaud E, Dimnet J. Classification of the normal variation in the sagittal alignment of the human lumbar spine and pelvis in the standing position. Spine. 2006;30(3):346-53.
11. Roussouly P, Gollogly S, Noseda O, Berthonnaud E, Dimnet J. The vertical projection of the sum of the ground reactive forces of a standing patient is not the same as the C7 plumb line: a radiographic study of the sagittal alignment of 153 asymptomatic volunteers. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31(11).
12. Lafage V, Schwab F, Patel A, Hawkinson N, Farcy JP. Pelvic tilt and truncal inclination: two key radiographic parameters in the setting of adults with spinal deformity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009;34(17).
13. Hills J, Lenke LG, Sardar ZM, Le Huec JC, Bourret S, Hasegawa K, et al. The T4-L1-hip axis: defining a normal sagittal spinal alignment. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2022;47(19):1399-406.
14. Legaye J, Duval-Beaupère G, Hecquet J, Marty C. Pelvic incidence: a fundamental pelvic parameter for three-dimensional regulation of spinal sagittal curves. European Spine Journal. 1998;7(2):99-103.
15. Schwab F, Patel A, Ungar B, Farcy JP, Lafage V. Adult spinal deformity-postoperative standing imbalance: how much can you tolerate? An overview of key parameters in assessing alignment and planning corrective surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010;35(25):2224-31.
16. Labelle H, Roussouly P, Berthonnaud E, Dimnet J, O’Brien M. The importance of spino-pelvic balance in L5-S1 developmental spondylolisthesis: a review of pertinent radiologic measurements. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005;30(6 Suppl).
17. Berthonnaud E, Dimnet J, Roussouly P, Labelle H. Analysis of the sagittal balance of the spine and pelvis using shape and orientation parameters. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2005;18(1):40-7.
18. Roussouly P, Gollogly S, Berthonnaud E, Dimnet J. Classification of the normal variation in the sagittal alignment of the human lumbar spine and pelvis in the standing position. Spine. 2006;30(3):346-53.
19. Offierski CM, MacNab I. Hip-spine syndrome. Spine. 1983;8(3):316-21.
20. Buckland AJ, Vigdorchik J, Schwab FJ, Errico TJ, Lafage R, Ames C, et al. Acetabular anteversion changes due to spinal deformity correction: bridging the gap between hip and spine surgeons. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2015;97(23):1913-20.
21. Schwab FJ, Blondel B, Bess S, Hostin R, Shaffrey CI, Smith JS, et al. Radiographical spinopelvic parameters and disability in the setting of adult spinal deformity: a prospective multicenter analysis. Spine. 2013;38(13).
22. Esposito CI, Carroll KM, Sculco PK, Padgett DE, Jerabek SA, Mayman DJ. Total hip arthroplasty patients Wwth fixed spinopelvic alignment are at higher risk of hip dislocation. J Arthroplasty. 2018;33(5):1449-54.
23. Roussouly P, Pinheiro-Franco JL. Sagittal parameters of the spine: biomechanical approach. Eur Spine J Off Publ Eur Spine Soc Eur Spinal Deform Soc Eur Sect Cerv Spine Res Soc. 2011;20(Suppl 5):578-85.
24. Lima MC, Risso Neto MI, Cavali PTM, Gehhlen SHJ, Rosa AF, Mistro Neto S, et al. Relação entre alinhamento sagital cervical e padrão de curva na escoliose idiopática. Coluna/Columna. 2024;24(1).
25. Laouissat F, Sebaaly A, Gehrchen M, Roussouly P. Classification of normal sagittal spine alignment: refounding the Roussouly classification. Eur Spine J. 2018;27(8):2002-11.
26. Lafage R, Schwab F, Glassman S, Bess S, Harris B, Sheer J, et al. Age-adjusted alignment goals have the potential to reduce PJK. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2017;42(17):1275-82.
27. Glassman SD, Bridwell K, Dimar JR, Horton W, Berven S, Schwab F. The impact of positive sagittal balance in adult spinal deformity. Spine. 2005;30(18):2024-9.
28. Lafage V, Schwab F, Skalli W, Hawkinson N, Gagey PM, Ondra S, et al. Standing balance and sagittal plane spinal deformity: analysis of spinopelvic and gravity line parameters. Spine. 2008;33(16):1572-8.
29. Le Huec JC, Hasegawa K. Normative values for spinopelvic parameters. Eur Spine J. 2016;25(11):3630-7.
30. Yilgor C, Sogunmez N, Boissiere L, Yavuz Y, Obeid I, Kleinstück F, et al. Global Alignment and Proportion (GAP) Score: development and validation of a new method of analyzing spinopelvic alignment to predict mechanical complications after adult spinal deformity surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2017;99(19):1661-72.
Sección 1
Conceptos Básicos
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Urist MR, O’Connor BT, Burwell RG. Bone graft, derivatives & substitutes. Cambridge: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1994.
2. Hampel GA, Yilmaz E, Massrey C, Clifton W, Iwanaga J, Loukas M, Tubbs RS. History of bone grafts in spine surgery. Cureus. 2022;14(5):e24655.
3. Lee BJ, Seok MC, Koo HW, Jeong JH, Ko MJ. Bone substitute options for spine fusion in patients with spine trauma — Part I: fusion biology, autografts, allografts, demineralized bone matrix, and ceramics. Korean J Neurotrauma. 2023;19(4):446-53.
4. Giannoudis PV, Dinopoulos H, Tsiridis E. Bone substitutes: an update. Injury. 2005;36 Suppl 3:S20-27.
5. Boden SD. Overview of the biology of lumbar spine fusion and principles for selecting a bone graft substitute. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002;27:S26-31.
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14. Maksymowych WP, Lambert RG, Bariliakos X, Weber U, Machado PM, Pedersen SJ, et al. Data-driven definitions for active and structural MRI lesions in the sacroiliac joint in spondyloarthritis and their predictive utility. Rheumatology. 2021;60(10):4778-89.
Sección 2
Diagnóstico
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Sección 2
Diagnóstico
Autores / Colaboradores:
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1. Krasin E, Schermann H, Snir N, Tudor A, Behrbalk E. A quick and comprehensive guide to differential diagnosis of neck and back pain: a narrative review. SN Compr Clin Med. 2022;4(1):232.
2. Afonso Jr AS, Alves AC, Oliveira CH, Carreiro LRR, Becker N. Introdução à neuroanatomia e à neurofisiologia. Cadernos de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento (São Paulo). 2022;22(2):84-107.
3. Lopes JMC. Fisiopatologia da dor. 1. ed. Porto, Portugal: Permanyer Portugal; 2003.
4. Dodson SC, Koontz NA. Spinal manifestations of systemic disease. Radiol Clin North Am. 2019;57(2):281-306.
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Sección 3
Lesiones Traumáticas de la Columna Vertebral
Autores / Colaboradores:
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1. American College of Surgeons. Advanced Trauma Life Support® student course manual. 10. ed. Chicago (IL): American College of Surgeons; 2018.
2. Neal CJ, McCafferty RR, Freedman B, et al. Cervical and thoracolumbar spine injury evaluation, transport, and surgery in the deployed setting. Mil Med. 2018;183:83-91.
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7. Worthington JR, Eisenhauer M a, Cass D, et al. The Canadian C-Spine Rule versus the NEXUS Low-Risk Criteria in Patients with Trauma Ian. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:2510-8.
8. Vazirizadeh-mahabadi M, Yarahmadi M. Canadian C-spine Rule versus NEXUS in screening of clinically important traumatic cervical spine injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2023;11:1-8.
9. Yelamarthy PKK, Chhabra HS, Vaksha V, et al. Radiological protocol in spinal trauma: literature review and Spinal Cord Society position statement. Eur Spine J. 2020;29:1197-1211.
Sección 3
Lesiones Traumáticas de la Columna Vertebral
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Simeonova I, Sandner B, et al. Neural stem cell transplantation for spinal cord repair. In: Fehlings MG, Harrop JS, editors. AOSpine master series. Vol. 10. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2017. p. 111-123. doi:10.1055/b-0036-137999.
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5. Jazayeri SB, Maroufi SF, et al. Incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury worldwide: a systematic review, data integration, and update. World Neurosurg X. 2023 Feb 1;18:100171. doi:10.1016/j.wnsx.2023.100171. PMID:36910686.
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7. Catapano JS, Hawryluk GWJ, et al. Acute non-operative management of traumatic spinal cord injury: state of the art. In: Fehlings MG, Harrop JS, editors. AOSpine master series. Vol. 5. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2017. p. 55-72. doi:10.1055/b-0036-137994.
8. Kirshblum SC, Burns SP, et al. International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury: revised 2011. J Spinal Cord Med. 2011 Nov;34(6):535-46. doi:10.1179/204577211X13207446293695. PMID:22330108.
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12. Fehlings MG, Vaccaro A, et al. Early versus delayed decompression for traumatic cervical spinal cord injury: results of the Surgical Timing in Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study (STASCIS). PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e32037. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032037. PMID:22384132.
13. Kamiya K, Koda M, et al. Neuroprotective therapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in acute spinal cord injury: a comparison with high-dose methylprednisolone as a historical control. Eur Spine J. 2015 May;24(5):963-7. doi:10.1007/s00586-014-3373-0. PMID:24961222.
14. Casha S, Zygun D, et al. Results of a phase II placebo-controlled randomized trial of minocycline in acute spinal cord injury. Brain. 2012 Apr;135(Pt 4):1224-36. doi:10.1093/brain/aws072. PMID:22505632.
15. Grossman RG, Fehlings MG, et al. A prospective, multicenter, phase I matched-comparison group trial of safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of riluzole in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 2014 Feb 1;31(3):239-55. doi:10.1089/neu.2013.2969. PMID:23859435.
16. Dasari VR, Veeravalli KK, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injuries: a review. World J Stem Cells. 2014 Apr 26;6(2):120-33. doi:10.4252/wjsc.v6.i2.120. PMID:24772239.
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18. Jazayeri SB, Maroufi SF, et al. Incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury worldwide: a systematic review, data integration, and update. World Neurosurg X. 2023 Feb 1;18:100171. doi:10.1016/j.wnsx.2023.100171. PMID:36910686.
19. Hubertus V, Badhiwala JH, et al. AO Spine clinical practice recommendations for the surgical management of acute traumatic spinal cord injury: contemporary concepts. Global Spine J. 2025 Jun 8:21925682251350941. doi:10.1177/21925682251350941. PMID:40483581.
20. Aarabi B, Olexa J, et al. Extent of spinal cord decompression in motor complete American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale grades A and B traumatic spinal cord injury patients: postoperative magnetic resonance imaging analysis of standard operative approaches. J Neurotrauma. 2019;36:862-876. doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5834.
Sección 3
Lesiones Traumáticas de la Columna Vertebral
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Sección 3
Lesiones Traumáticas de la Columna Vertebral
Autores / Colaboradores:
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Sección 3
Lesiones Traumáticas de la Columna Vertebral
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Lesiones Traumáticas de la Columna Vertebral
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Lesiones Traumáticas de la Columna Vertebral
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Deformidades de la Columna Vertebral
Autores / Colaboradores:
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Deformidades de la Columna Vertebral
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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21. Foley G, Aubin CE, Parent S, Labelle H, d’Astous J, Johnston C, et al. Physical significance of the rib vertebra angle difference and its 3-dimensional counterpart in early-onset scoliosis. Spine Deform. 2013;1(4):259-65.
22. Mehta MH. The rib-vertebra angle in the early diagnosis between resolving and progressive infantile scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1972;54(2):230-43.
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28. Hardesty CK, Huang RP, El-Hawary R, Samdani A, Hermida PB, Bas T, et al. Early-onset scoliosis: updated treatment techniques and results. Spine Deform. 2018;6(4):467-72.
29. Baulesh DM, Huh J, Judkins T, Garg S, Miller NH, Erickson MA. The role of serial casting in early-onset scoliosis (EOS). J Pediatr Orthop. 2012;32(7):658-63.
30. Varley ES, Pawelek JB, Mundis GM, Oetgen ME, Sturm PF, Akbarnia BA, et al. The role of traditional growing rods in the era of magnetically controlled growing rods for the treatment of early-onset scoliosis. Spine Deform. 2021 Apr 19.
31. Smith JR, Samdani AF, Pahys J, Ranade A, Asghar J, Cahill P, et al. The role of bracing, casting, and vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib for the treatment of infantile idiopathic scoliosis: a single-institution experience with 31 consecutive patients. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009;11(1):3-8.
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Sección 4
Deformidades de la Columna Vertebral
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Sección 4
Deformidades de la Columna Vertebral
Autores / Colaboradores:
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Sección 4
Deformidades de la Columna Vertebral
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Sección 4
Deformidades de la Columna Vertebral
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Observação importante: o manuscrito contém duas listas bibliográficas sucessivas, com reinício da numeração após a referência 41. Como não é possível determinar apenas pelo arquivo qual delas deverá prevalecer na edição final, ambas são preservadas abaixo separadamente, sem fusão ou exclusão por suposição.
2. Lista bibliográfica 1 — conforme o manuscrito
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Sección 4
Deformidades de la Columna Vertebral
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Sección 5
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Sección 5
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Sección 5
Enfermedades Degenerativas
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87. Zhang L, Chen J, Cao C, Zhang YZ, Shi LF, Zhai JS et al. Ante- rior versus posterior approach for the therapy of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a meta-analysis and sys- tematic review. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2019;139(6):735- -42. doi: 10.1007/s00402-018-03102-6.
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Sección 5
Enfermedades Degenerativas
Autores / Colaboradores:
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Sección 5
Enfermedades Degenerativas
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Machado ES, Soares FP, Vianna de Abreu E, Souza TAC, Meves R, Grohs H, et al. Systematic review of platelet-rich plasma for low back pain. Biomedicines. 2023;11(9):2404.
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5. Akeda K, Takegami N, Yamada J, Fujiwara T, Ohishi K, Tamaru S, et al. Platelet-rich plasma-releasate for the treatment of discogenic low back pain patients: long-term follow-up survey. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022;58(3):428.
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Sección 6
Tumores en la Columna Vertebral
Autores / Colaboradores:
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Sección 6
Tumores en la Columna Vertebral
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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48. Tap WD, Villalobos VM, Cote GM, Burris H, Janku F, Mir O, et al. Phase I study of the mutant IDH1 inhibitor ivosidenib: safety and clinical activity in patients with advanced chondrosarcoma. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(15):1693-701.
49. Lipplaa A, Strauss SJ, Stacchiotti S, Kayani I, Efthymiadis K, Frezza A, et al. A phase 2, single arm, European multi-center trial evaluating the efficacy of afatinib as first line or later line treatment in advanced chordoma. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42(16_suppl):11517.
Sección 6
Tumores en la Columna Vertebral
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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41. Laufer I, Iorgulescu JB, Chapman T, Lis E, Shi W, Zhang Z, et al. Local disease control for spinal metastases following “separation surgery” and adjuvant hypofractionated or high-dose single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery: outcome analysis in 186 patients. J Neurosurg Spine. 2013;18(3):207-14.
42. Bilsky MH, Laufer I, Fourney DR, et al. Surgical management of spinal metastases. Oncologist. 2009;14(4):405-15.
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44. Bilsky MH, Laufer I, Fourney DR, Groff M, Schmidt MH, Varga PP, et al. Reliability analysis of the epidural spinal cord compression scale. 2010;13:324-8.
45. Versteeg AL, Sahgal A, Rhines LD, et al. The role of separation surgery in the era of stereotactic body radiation therapy for metastatic spinal disease. Neurosurgery. 2020;87(3):E209-E215.
46. Loblaw DA, Mitera G, Ford M, Laperriere NJ. A 2011 updated systematic review and clinical practice guideline for the management of malignant extradural spinal cord compression. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;84:312-7.
47. Arbour KC, Mezquita L, Long N, Rizvi H, Auclin E, Ni A, et al. Impact of baseline steroids on efficacy of programmed cell death-1 and programmed death-ligand 1 blockade in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(28):2872-8.
48. Tan LA, Kasliwal MK, Nag S, et al. Role of preoperative embolization in spinal metastasis: a systematic review. J Neurosurg Spine. 2016;24(4):598-605.
49. Boriani S, Gasbarrini A, Bandiera S, Ghermandi R, Lador R. En bloc resections in the spine: the experience of 220 patients during 25 years. World Neurosurg. 2017;98:217-29.
50. Kato S, Demura S, Shinmura K, Yokogawa N, Shimizu T, Murakami H, et al. Surgical metastasectomy in the spine: a review article1. Oncologist. 2021;26:e138402.
51. Tseng CL, Eppinga W, Charest-Morin R, Soliman H, Myrehaug S, Maralani PJ, et al. Spine stereotactic body radiotherapy: indications, outcomes, and points of caution. Global Spine J. 2017;7(2):179-97.
52. Sahgal A, Whyne CM, Ma L, Larson DA, Fehlings MG. Vertebral compression fracture after spine stereotactic body radiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer. 2013;119(6):896-904.
53. Gasbarrini A, Bandiera S, Mazzetti M, et al. Minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of thoracic spine metastases: results of 139 consecutive patients. Eur Spine J. 2016;25(Suppl 1):S77-S83.
54. Landriel F, White K, Lichtenberger FP, Guiroy A, Teles A, Plasier EL, et al. CEBRT and Metastatic Spine Surgery Delphi. World Neurosurg. 2025;195:123575.
55. Enneking WF, Spanier SS, Goodman MA. The surgical staging of musculoskeletal sarcoma. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1980;62(6):1027-30.
56. Stener B. Total spondylectomy in chondrosarcoma arising from the seventh thoracic vertebra. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1971;53(2):288-95.
57. Roy-Camille R, Saillant G, Mazel CH, Monpierre H. Total vertebrectomy as treatment of malignant tumors of the spine. Chir Organi Mov. 1990;75:94-6.
58. Boriani S, Weinstein JN, Biagini R. Primary bone tumors of the spine: terminology and surgical staging. Spine. 1997;22(9):1036-44.
59. Berenson J, et al. Efficacy and safety of percutaneous vertebroplasty for cancer-related vertebral compression fractures: final results of a randomized controlled study. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(22):3129-35.
60. Jian Yang, Qi Jia, Peng D, Wan W, Zhong N, Lou Y, et al. Surgical treatment of upper cervical spine metastases: retrospective study of 39 cases. World J Surg Oncol. 2017;15(1):21.
61. Gerszten PC, Monaco EA, Gerszten K, et al. Percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for painful vertebral body fractures in cancer patients. Cancer Control. 2005;12(1):79-85.
62. Fourney DR, Schomer DF, Nader R, Chlan-Fourney J, Suki D, Ahrar K, et al. Percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for painful vertebral body fractures in cancer patients. J Neurosurg. 2003;98(1 Suppl):21-30.
63. Chang EL, Shiu AS, Mendel E, Mathews LA, Mahajan A, Allen PK, et al. Phase I/II study of stereotactic body radiotherapy for spinal metastasis and its pattern of failure. J Neurosurg Spine. 2007;7(2):151-160.
64. Guenette JP, Lopez MJ, Kim E, Dupuy DE. Solitary painful osseous metastases: correlation of imaging features with pain palliation after radiofrequency ablation-a multicenter American College of Radiology Imaging Network study. Radiology. 2013;268(3):907-15.
65. Wallace AN, Tomasian A, Vaswani D, Vyhmeister R, Chang RO, Jennings JW. Radiologic and clinical outcomes after vertebral augmentation with radiofrequency ablation and polymethylmethacrylate injection for painful spinal metastases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2016;37(2):405-11.
66. Cazzato RL, Garnon J, Koch G, et al. Percutaneous image-guided microwave ablation of spinal metastases: a retrospective study of safety and feasibility. Skeletal Radiol. 2015;44(10):1441-6.
67. Schneider F, Greineck F, Clausen S, Mai S, Obertacke U, Reis T, et al. Development of a novel method for intraoperative radiotherapy during kyphoplasty for spinal metastases (Kypho-IORT). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011;81(4):1114-9.
68. Huisman M, et al. Photodynamic therapy in vertebral metastases: feasibility and results. Spine J. 2015.
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70. Campana LG, et al. Electrochemotherapy for bone metastases: results of a phase II clinical study. World J Surg. 2016;40(1):308-17.
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73. Swain SM, Kim SB, Cortés J, Ro J, Semiglazov V, Campone M, et al. Pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (CLEOPATRA): overall survival results. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14(6):461-71.
74. Coleman R, Hadji P, Body JJ, Santini D, Chow E, Terpos E, et al. Bone health in cancer patients: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. Ann Oncol. 2020;31(12):1650-63.
75. Parker CC, James ND, Brawley CD, Clarke NW, Hoyle AP, Ali A, et al. Radiotherapy to the primary tumour for newly diagnosed, metastatic prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): a randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2018;392(10162):2353-66.
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77. Fendler WP, Calais J, Eiber M, Flavell RR, Mishoe A, Feng FY, et al. Assessment of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET accuracy in localizing recurrent prostate cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2019;5(6):856-63.
78. Soria JC, Ohe Y, Vansteenkiste J, Reungwetwattana T, Chewaskulyong B, Lee KH, et al. Osimertinib in untreated EGFR-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(2):113-25.
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80. Kim TY, Kim WB, Rhee Y, et al. Effects of therapeutic doses of 131I in patients with bone metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma. J Nucl Med. 2003;44(6):892-896.
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85. Cotten A, Dewatre F, Cortet B, Assaker R, Leblond D, Duquesnoy B, et al. Percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteolytic metastases and myeloma: effects of the percentage of lesion filling and the leakage of methylmethacrylate at clinical follow-up. Radiology. 1996;200(2):525-30.
86. Berenson J, Pflugmacher R, Jarzem P, Zonder J, Schechtman K, Tillman JB, et al. Balloon kyphoplasty versus non-surgical care for vertebral compression fractures in patients with cancer. Lancet Oncol. 2011;12(3):225-35.
Sección 6
Tumores en la Columna Vertebral
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Duong LM, McCarthy BJ, McLendon RE, Dolecek TA, Kruchko C, Douglas LL, et al. Descriptive epidemiology of malignant and nonmalignant primary spinal cord, spinal meninges, and cauda equina tumors, United States, 2004-2007. Cancer. 2012;118(17):4220-7.
2. Ottenhausen M, Ntoulias G, Bodhinayake I, Ruppert FH, Schreiber S, Förschler A, et al. Intradural spinal tumors in adults-update on management and outcome. Neurosurg Rev. 2019;42(2):371-88.
3. Liu L, Shi L, Su Y, Wang K, Wang H. Epidemiological features of spinal intradural tumors, a single-center clinical study in Beijing, China. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024;25(1):1-7.
4. Chamberlain MC, Tredway TL. Adult primary intradural spinal cord tumors: a review. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2011;11(3):320-8.
5. Hersh AM, Lubelski D, Theodore N, Sciubba DM, Jallo G, Shimony N. Approaches to incidental intradural tumors of the spine in the pediatric population. Pediatr Neurosurg. 2023;58(5):367-78.
6. Nagoshi N, Okubo T, Ozaki M, Suzuki S, Takeda K, Iga T, et al. Epidemiology and surgical outcomes of pediatric intradural spinal tumors: results from a retrospective series of patients operated in the first two decades of life. Spinal Cord. 2024;63(2):75-9.
7. Merlot I, François J, Marchal JC, et al. Spinal cord tumors in children: a review of 21 cases treated at the same institution. Neurochirurgie. 2017;63(4):291-6.
8. Jeon JH, Hwang HS, Jeong JH, Park SH, Moon JG, Kim CH. Spinal schwannoma; analysis of 40 cases. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2008;43(3):135-8.
9. Cerretti G, Pessina F, Franceschi E, Barresi V, Salvalaggio A, Padovan M, et al. Spinal ependymoma in adults: from molecular advances to new treatment perspectives. Front Oncol. 2023;13:1301179.
10. Düzkalır AH. Efficacy of surgery in intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumors and factors affecting prognosis. Haydarpasa Numune Train Res Hosp Med J. 2024;209-17.
11. Land CF, Bowden BD, Morpeth BG, DeVine JG. Intradural extramedullary metastasis: a review of literature and case report. Spinal Cord Ser Cases. 2019;5:41.
12. Sawada M, Nakae T, Munemitsu T, Hojo M. Spinal meningioma arising from the denticulate ligament. World Neurosurg. 2018;115:329-33.
13. Sadek AR, Nader-Sepahi A. Spinal arachnoid cysts: presentation, management and pathophysiology. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2019;180:87-96.
14. Mamlouk MD, Shen PY, Jun P, Sedrak MF. Spontaneous spinal CSF leaks stratified by age, body mass index, and spinal level. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2022;43(7):1068-72.
15. Konovalov A, Grebenev F, Asyutin D, Zakirov B, Konovalov N, Pronin I, et al. Spinal dural cerebrospinal fluid fistula as a cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome: diagnosis and surgical treatment. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine. 2023;14(1):108-12.
16. Kobayashi M. Fibrocartilaginous embolism of the posterior spinal artery: a case report regarding the responsible intervertebral disc on magnetic resonance imaging. Spinal Cord Ser Cases. 2022;8(1):1-4.
17. Kestle JR, Resch L, Tator CH, Kucharczyk W. Intervertebral disc embolization resulting in spinal cord infarction. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1989;71(6):938-41.
18. Gu R, Liu JB, Zhang Q, Liu GY, Zhu QS. MRI diagnosis of intradural extramedullary tumors. J Cancer Res Ther. 2014;10(4):927-31.
19. Intradural spinal tumors: 10-years surgical experience in a single institution. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2018;169:98-102.
20. Goodarzi A, Clouse J, Capizzano T, Kim KD, Panchal R. The optimal surgical approach to intradural spinal tumors: laminectomy or hemilaminectomy? Cureus. 2020;12(2):e7084.
21. Kumar V, Upadhyay AK. Unilateral hemilaminectomy for the excision of intradural extramedullary spinal tumors: a beginner’s challenges. Turk Neurosurg. 2021;31(2):161-6.
22. Piñeiro GTO, Oliveira MPR, Sandes PHF, Souza DCR, Trocoli CPAF, Medrado-Nunes GS, et al. Hemilaminectomy vs. laminectomy for spinal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurg Rev. 2025;48(1):270.
23. Iess G, Bonomo G, Amato A, Ferroli P, Devigili G, Melillo Y, et al. Intraoperative neurophysiologic and angiographic techniques to identify the posterior median sulcus for midline myelotomy. World Neurosurg. 2023;171:103.
24. Helal A, Yolcu YU, Kamath A, Wahood W, Bydon M. Minimally invasive versus open surgery for patients undergoing intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumor resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2022;214:107176.
25. Azad TD, Pendharkar AV, Nguyen V, Pan J, Connolly ID, Veeravagu A, et al. Diagnostic utility of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring for intramedullary spinal cord tumors: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Spine Surg. 2018;31(3):112-9.
26. Ghadirpour R, Nasi D, Iaccarino C, Romano A, Motti L, Sabadini R, et al. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring for intradural extramedullary spinal tumors: predictive value and relevance of D-wave amplitude on surgical outcome during a 10-year experience. J Neurosurg Spine. 2019;30(2):259-67.
27. Pojskić M, Bopp M, Saß B, Nimsky C. Single-center experience of resection of 120 cases of intradural spinal tumors. World Neurosurg. 2024;187:e233-56.
28. Gerszten PC, Quader M, Novotny J Jr, Flickinger JC. Radiosurgery for benign tumors of the spine: clinical experience and current trends. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2012;11(2):133-9.
29. Dang DD, Mugge LA, Awan OK, Gong AD, Fanous AA. Spinal meningiomas: a comprehensive review and update on advancements in molecular characterization, diagnostics, surgical approach and technology, and alternative therapies. Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(7).
30. Grady C, Melnick K, Porche K, Dastmalchi F, Hoh DJ, Rahman M, et al. Glioma immunotherapy: advances and challenges for spinal cord gliomas. Neurospine. 2022;19(1):13-29.
31. Bryant JP, Lu VM, Govindarajan V, Perez-Roman RJ, Levi AD. Immunotherapeutic treatments for spinal and peripheral nerve tumors: a primer. Neurosurg Focus. 2022;52(2):E8.
32. Newman WC, Bilsky MH, Barzilai O. Role of minimally invasive spine surgery in spine oncology. Neurosurgery. 2025;96(3S):S119-28.
33. Caballero-García J, Linares-Benavides YJ, Leitão ULS, Aparicio-García C, López-Sánchez M. Minimally invasive removal of extra- and intradural spinal tumors using full endoscopic visualization. Global Spine J. 2022;12(1):121-9.
Sección 6
Tumores en la Columna Vertebral
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Coleman RE. Metastatic bone disease: clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment strategies. Cancer Treat Rev. 2001;27(3):165-176.
2. Guckenberger M, Allred C, Apte A, et al. Stereotactic body radiotherapy for spinal metastases: benefits and limitations. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2021;31(2):160-167.
3. Alcorn S, Cortés ÁA, Bradfield L, Brennan M, Dennis K, Diaz DA, et al. External Beam Radiation Therapy for Palliation of Symptomatic Bone Metastases: An ASTRO Clinical Practice Guideline. Pract Radiat Oncol. 2024;14(5):377-397.
4. Sahgal A, Whyne C, Soliman H, et al. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for spinal metastases: a new standard of care. Neuro Oncol. 2024;26(Supplement_1):S76-S85.
5. Sahgal A, Myrehaug S, Siva S, et al. Spinal cord dose tolerance to stereotactic body radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2021;109(5):1247-1256.
6. Guninski A, Gomez D, Guckenberger M, et al. Efficacy and safety of SBRT for spine metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Radiother Oncol. 2023;190:109863.
7. Mohan R, Liu A, Brown P, et al. Proton therapy: clinical evidence and future directions. Lancet Oncol. 2020;21(2):e87-e97.
8. Mundy GR. Mechanisms of bone metastasis. Cancer. 1997;80(8 Suppl):1546-56.
9. Body JJ, Casimiro S, Costa L. Targeting bone metastases in prostate cancer: improving clinical outcomes. Nat Rev Urol. 2015;12(6):340-349.
10. Fisher CG, DiPaola CP, Ryken TC, Bilsky MH, Shaffrey CI, Berven SH, et al. A novel classification system for spinal instability in neoplastic disease. Spine. 2010;35(22):E1221-9.
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Otras Enfermedades de la Columna
Autores / Colaboradores:
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Otras Enfermedades de la Columna
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Otras Enfermedades de la Columna
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Otras Enfermedades de la Columna
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Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
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9. Kim JY, Heo DH, Lee DC, Kim TH, Park CK. Comparative analysis with modified inclined technique for posterior endoscopic cervical foraminotomy in treating cervical osseous foraminal stenosis: radiological and midterm clinical outcomes. Neurospine. 2022;19(3):603-15.
10. Kim JY, Choi SY, Kim KM. Biportal endoscopic transforaminal thoracic interbody fusion for the treatment of thoracic myelopathy. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2024;166(1):134.
11. Kim KR, Park JY. The technical feasibility of unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression for the unpredicted complication following minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: case report. Neurospine. 2020;17(Suppl 1):S154-9.
12. Liu SX, Chen RS, Chen CM, He LR, Jhang SW, Lin GX. Unilateral biportal endoscopic spine surgery: a meta-analysis unveiling the learning curve and clinical benefits. Front Surg. 2024;11:1405519.
13. Yu Z, Ye C, Alhendi MA, Zhang H. Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation. J Vis Exp. 2023;(202):65497.
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16. Aygun H, Abdulshafi K. Unilateral biportal endoscopy versus tubular microendoscopy in management of single level degenerative lumbar canal stenosis: a prospective study. Clin Spine Surg. 2021;34(6):E323-8.
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23. Heo DH, Sharma S, Park CK. Endoscopic treatment of extraforaminal entrapment of L5 nerve root (far out syndrome) by unilateral biportal endoscopic approach. Neurospine. 2019;16(1):130-7.
24. Park MK, Son SK, Park WW, Choi SH, Jung DY, Kim DH. Unilateral biportal endoscopy for decompression of extraforaminal stenosis at the lumbosacral junction. Neurospine. 2021;18(4):871-9.
25. Bai G, Qiu X, Wei G, Jing X, Hu Q. Unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression combined with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation offers new treatment option for thoracolumbar burst fractures with secondary spinal stenosis. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):877.
26. Ko YI, Lee JY, Kim HC, Cho HG, Park JW, Han SH. Advanced technique of biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for revision surgery: a technical note. Asian Spine J. 2025;19(2):267-74.
27. Park SM, Lee HJ, Park HJ, You KH, Jung JH, Cho SK, et al. Biportal endoscopic lumbar discectomy surgery in patients with cauda equina syndrome caused by lumbar herniated intervertebral disc. J Orthop Surg Res. 2025;20(1):172.
28. Kim SK, Bendardaf R, Ali M, Kim HA, Heo EJ, Lee SC. Unilateral biportal endoscopic tumor removal and percutaneous stabilization for extradural tumors. Front Surg. 2022;9:863931.
29. Wang T, Yu H, Zhao SB, Zhu B, Chen L, Jing JH, et al. Complete removal of intraspinal extradural mass with unilateral biportal endoscopy. Front Surg. 2022;9:1033856.
30. Akbary K, Kim JS, Park CW, Jun SG, Hwang IC. The feasibility and perioperative results of bi-portal endoscopic resection of a facet cyst along with minimizing facet joint resection in the degenerative lumbar spine. Oper Neurosurg. 2020;18(6):621-8.
31. Peng W, Zhuang Y, Cui W, Chen W, Chu R, Sun Z, et al. Unilateral biportal endoscopy for the resection of thoracic intradural extramedullary tumors. Int Med Case Rep J. 2024;17:301-9.
32. Lee CY, Park CW. Exploring unilateral biportal endoscopy for lumbar intradural lesions: a technical and video report. J Minim Invasive Spine Surg Tech. 2025;10(Suppl 1):S81-8.
33. Wu PH, Kavishwar RA, Kim HS. A narrative review of current and future of unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Semin Spine Surg. 2024;36(1):101084.
34. So JY, Park JY. Essential surgical techniques during unilateral biportal endoscopic spine surgery. J Minim Invasive Spine Surg Tech. 2023;8(2):186-97.
35. Heo DH, Hong YH, Lee DC, Chung HJ, Park CK. Technique of biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Neurospine. 2020;17(Suppl 1):S129-37.
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37. Park DY, Heo DH. The use of dual direction expandable titanium cage with biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Neurospine. 2023;20(1):110-8.
38. Wang QL, Chen JP, Peng YJ, Dai J, Liu XF, Yan J. Managing water dynamics for optimal outcomes in unilateral biportal endoscopic surgery. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2025;26(1):394.
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40. Park CW, Oh JYL. Biportal endoscopic en bloc removal of the ligamentum flavum for spinal stenosis: nuances for the “butterfly” technique. Asian Spine J. 2024;18(4):587-93.
41. Lin GX, Yao ZK, Xin C, Kim JS, Chen CM, Hu BS. Microscopic unilateral laminectomy bilateral decompression versus biportal endoscopic ULBD for lumbar canal stenosis: a meta-analysis. Front Surg. 2022;9:1002100.
42. Kang MS, Hwang JY, Park SM, Yang JH, You KH, Hong SH, et al. Comparison of biportal endoscopic and microscopic tubular paraspinal approach for foraminal and extraforaminal lumbar disc herniation. J Neurosurg Spine. 2024;41(4):473-82.
43. Suvithayasiri S, Kim YJ, Liu Y, Trathitephun W, Asawasaksakul A, Quillo-Olvera J, et al. The role and clinical outcomes of endoscopic spine surgery of treating spinal metastases. Neurospine. 2023;20(2):608-19.
44. Castel X, Szadkowski M, d’Astorg H. Endoscopic spine surgery: a French national survey on practices, motivations, and challenges. Int J Spine Surg. 2025;19(2):173-8.
45. Park DY, Upfill-Brown A, Curtin N, Hamad CD, Shah A, Kwon B, et al. Clinical outcomes and complications after biportal endoscopic spine surgery: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of 3673 cases. Eur Spine J. 2023;32(8):2637-46.
46. Yu H, Zhao Q, Lv J, Liu J, Zhu B, Chen L, et al. Unintended dural tears during unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar surgery: incidence and risk factors. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2024;166(1):95.
47. Park HJ, Kim SK, Lee SC, Kim W, Han S, Kang SS. Dural tears in percutaneous biportal endoscopic spine surgery: anatomical location and management. World Neurosurg. 2020;136:e578-85.
48. Hong YH, Kim SK, Suh DW, Lee SC. Novel instruments for percutaneous biportal endoscopic spine surgery for full decompression and dural management. Brain Sci. 2020;10(8):516.
49. Xu WB, Kotheeranurak V, Zhang HL, Chen ZX, Wu HJ, Chen CM, et al. Is biportal endoscopic spine surgery more advantageous than uniportal for lumbar degenerative disease? Medicina. 2022;58(11):1523.
50. Ahn Y, Lee S. Uniportal versus biportal endoscopic spine surgery: a comprehensive review. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2023;20(7):549-56.
51. Ahn Y, Kim JU, Lee BH, Lee SH, Park JD, Hong DH, et al. Postoperative retroperitoneal hematoma following transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009;10(6):595-602.
52. Lee SH, Seo J, Jeong D, Hwang JS, Jang JW, Cho YE, et al. Clinical outcomes and complications of unilateral biportal endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy. Neurospine. 2024;21(3):807-19.
53. Quillo-Olvera J, Quillo-Reséndiz J, Barrera-Arreola M. Common complications with endoscopic surgery and management. Semin Spine Surg. 2024;36(1):101087.
54. [Grafia dos autores corrompida no arquivo-fonte]. Extremely rare complications in uniportal spinal endoscopy: a systematic review with unique case analyses. J Clin Med. 2024;13(6):1765.
55. Chen Z, Zhou H, Wang X, Liu Z, Liu W, Luo J. Complications of unilateral biportal endoscopic spinal surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis: a meta-analysis and systematic review. World Neurosurg. 2023;170:e371-9.
56. Kang T, Park SY, Kang CH, Lee SH, Park JH, Suh SW. Is biportal technique/endoscopic spinal surgery satisfactory for lumbar spinal stenosis patients? Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(18):e15451.
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60. Lee DH, Park CK, Kim JS, Hwang JS, Lee JY, Lee DG, et al. O-arm navigation-based transforaminal unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy for upper lumbar disc herniation. Asian Spine J. 2025;19(2):194-204.
61. Referência com autoria/afiliação malformada no arquivo: Sakhrekar R, Ha JS, Han HD, et al. The past, present, and future of unilateral biportal endoscopy with a technical note on novel endoscopic visualization pedicle screw insertion technique and UBE-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion technique with literature review. J Orthop Case Rep. 2023;13(12):165-71.
Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
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Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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10. Menezes CM, Alamin T, Amaral R, Carvalho AD, Diaz R, Guiroy A, et al. Need of vascular surgeon and comparison of value for anterior lumbar interbody fusion in lateral decubitus: Delphi consensus. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(9):2270-2278.
11. Lopez G, Sayari AJ, Phillips F. Single-position anterior column lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Int J Spine Surg. 2022;16(S1):S17-S25.
12. Ozgur BM, Aryan HE, Pimenta L, Taylor WR. Extreme lateral interbody fusion: a novel technique. Spine J. 2006;6(4):435-43.
13. Kepler CK, Sharma AK, Huang RC, Meredith DS, Girardi FP, Cammisa FP Jr, et al. Indirect foraminal decompression after lateral transpsoas interbody fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2012;16(4):329-33.
14. Menezes CM, Lacerda GC, do Valle GSO, de Oliveira Arruda A, Menezes EG. Ceramic bone graft substitute vs autograft in XLIF. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(9):2262-2269.
15. Hiyama A, Katoh H, Sakai D, Sato M, Tanaka M, Watanabe M. Comparison of radiological changes after single-position versus dual-position for lateral interbody fusion and pedicle screw fixation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019;20(1):601.
16. Patel A, McDermott MR, Mundis GM Jr, Eastlack RK, Buckland AJ, Menezes CM, et al. The “20-minute Rule” in lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Global Spine J. 2025;15(7):3189-3198.
17. Huynh NV, Thomas JA, Braly BA, Menezes CM, Robinson D, Oettinger E, et al. Lateral decubitus anterior lumbar interbody fusion at the L4-5 level is a safe alternative to lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Spine. 2025.
18. Buckland AJ, Huynh NV, Menezes CM, Cheng I, Kwon B, Protopsaltis T, et al. Lateral lumbar interbody fusion at L4-L5: low complication rate with standardized technique. Bone Joint J. 2024;106-B(1):53-61.
19. Khajavi K, Menezes CM, Braly BA, Thomas JA. Postoperative spinal alignment comparison of lateral versus supine patient position L5-S1 anterior lumbar interbody fusion. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(9):2248-2254.
20. Patel NA, Kuo CC, Pennington Z, Brown NJ, Gendreau J, Singh R, et al. Robot-assisted percutaneous pedicle screw placement accuracy compared with alternative guidance in lateral single-position surgery. J Neurosurg Spine. 2023;39(4):443-451.
21. Molliqaj G, Schatlo B, Alaid A, Solomiichuk V, Rohde V, Schaller K, et al. Accuracy of robot-guided versus freehand fluoroscopy-assisted pedicle screw insertion. Neurosurg Focus. 2017;42(5):E14.
22. Chumnanvej S, Pillai BM, Suthakorn J, Chumnanvej S. Revised in-depth meta-analysis on efficacy of robot-assisted versus traditional free-hand pedicle screw insertion. Laparosc Endosc Robot Surg. 2024;7(4):155-165.
Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Pimenta L, Taylor WR, Stone LE, Wali AR, Santiago-Dieppa DR. Prone transpsoas technique for simultaneous single position access to the anterior and posterior spine. Oper Neurosurg. 2020;20(1):E5-E12.
2. Pimenta L, Amaral R, Taylor W, Tohmeh A, Pokorny G, Rodrigues R, et al. The prone transpsoas technique: preliminary radiographic results of a multicenter experience. Eur Spine J. 2020;30(1):108-13.
3. Drossopoulos PN, Bardeesi A, Wang TY, Huang CC, Ononogbu-Uche FC, Than KD, et al. Advancing prone-transpsoas spine surgery: a narrative review and evolution of indications with representative cases. J Clin Med. 2024;13(4):1112.
4. Amaral R, Daher MT, Pratali R, Arnoni D, Pokorny G, Rodrigues R, et al. The effect of patient position on psoas morphology and lumbar lordosis. World Neurosurg. 2021;153:e131-e140.
5. Alluri R, Clark N, Sheha E, Shafi K, Geiselmann M, Kim HJ, et al. Location of the femoral nerve in the lateral decubitus versus prone position. Global Spine J. 2023;13(7):1765-70.
6. Amaral R, Moriguchi R, Pokorny G, Arnoni D, Barreira I, Marcelino F, et al. Comparison of segmental lordosis gain of prone transpsoas vs lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2023;143(9):5485-90.
7. Walker CT, Farber SH, Gandhi S, Godzik J, Turner JD, Uribe JS. Single-position prone lateral interbody fusion improves segmental lordosis in lumbar spondylolisthesis. World Neurosurg. 2021;151:e786-92.
8. Pimenta L, Tohmeh A, Jones D, Amaral R, Marchi L, Oliveira L, et al. Rational decision making in minimally invasive lumbar interbody fusion approaches and devices. J Spine Surg. 2018;4(1):142-55.
9. Mobbs RJ, Phan K, Malham G, Seex K, Rao PJ. Lumbar interbody fusion: techniques, indications and comparison of interbody fusion options. J Spine Surg. 2015;1(1):2.
10. Amaral R, Pokorny G, Alvernia JE, Pimenta L. L4-L5 anatomy classification system for lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Neurosurg Rev. 2024;47(1).
11. Garg B, Bansal T, Mehta N, Sharan AD. Patient positioning in spine surgery: what spine surgeons should know? Asian Spine J. 2023;17(4):770.
12. Giraldo JP, Choy W, Uribe JS. Prone lateral transpsoas approach to the spine: a technical guide for mastery. Int J Spine Surg. 2025;19(S1):S19-27.
13. White MD, Uribe JS. Transpsoas approaches to the lumbar spine: lateral and prone. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2023;34(4):609-17.
14. Formica M, Quarto E, Zanirato A, Mosconi L, Vallerga D, Zotta I, et al. Lateral lumbar interbody fusion: what is the evidence of indirect neural decompression? HSS J. 2020;16(2):143-54.
15. Wang TY, Nayar G, Brown CR, Pimenta L, Karikari IO, Isaacs RE. Bony lateral recess stenosis and other predictors of failed indirect decompression. World Neurosurg. 2017;106:819-26.
16. Soliman MAR, Diaz-Aguilar L, Kuo CC, Aguirre AO, Khan A, San Miguel-Ruiz JE, et al. Complications of the prone transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative lumbar spine disease. Neurosurgery. 2023;93(5):1106-11.
17. Pimenta L, Pokorny G, Pokorny J, Marcelino F, Moriguchi R, Barreira I, et al. Survey of major complications after prone transpsoas surgery. Neurosurg Rev. 2024;47(1):1-5.
18. Uribe J, Journal ADES, 2015 undefined.” Visceral, vascular, and wound complications following over 13,000 lateral interbody fusions. Eur Spine J. 2015;24:386-96.
19. Walker CT, Farber SH, Cole TS, Xu DS, Godzik J, Whiting AC, et al. Complications for minimally invasive lateral interbody arthrodesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing prepsoas and transpsoas approaches. J Neurosurg Spine. 2019;30(4):446-60.
20. Alluri RK, Vaishnav AS, Sivaganesan A, Ricci L, Sheha E, Qureshi SA. Multimodality intraoperative neuromonitoring in lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a review of alerts in 628 patients. Global Spine J. 2021.
21. Tohmeh A, Somers C, Howell K. Saphenous somatosensory-evoked potentials monitoring of femoral nerve health during prone transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(7):1658-66.
22. Lang G, Navarro-Ramirez R, Gandevia L, Hussain I, Nakhla J, Zubkov M, et al. Elimination of subsidence with wide cages in extreme lateral interbody fusion. World Neurosurg. 2017;104:644-52.
23. Pimenta L, Turner AWL, Dooley ZA, Parikh RD, Peterson MD. Biomechanics of lateral interbody spacers: going wider for going stiffer. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:381814.
24. Marchi L, Pimenta L, Amaral R, Fortti F, Nogueira-Neto J, Oliveira L, et al. In which patients is it possible to perform standalone lateral lumbar interbody fusion without cage subsidence? Coluna/Columna. 2016;15:226-9.
25. Smith TG, Pollina J, Joseph SA, Howell KM. Effects of surgical positioning on L4-L5 accessibility and lumbar lordosis in lateral transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion. World Neurosurg. 2021;149:e705-13.
26. Wellington IJ, Antonacci CL, Chaudhary C, Coskun E, Cote MP, Singh H, et al. Early clinical outcomes of the prone transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion technique. Int J Spine Surg. 2023;17(1):112-21.
27. Soliman MAR, Khan A, Pollina J. Comparison of prone transpsoas and standard lateral lumbar interbody fusion surgery for degenerative lumbar spine disease. World Neurosurg. 2022;157:e11-e21.
28. Stone LE, Diaz-Aguilar LD, Santiago-Dieppa DR, Taylor WR, Nguyen AD. Prone-lateral access to the lumbar spine: single-level corpectomy with approach discussion. Neurosurg Focus Video. 2022;7(1):V9.
29. Gandhi SD, Liu DS, Sheha ED, Colman MW. Prone transpsoas lumbar corpectomy: simultaneous posterior and lateral lumbar access for difficult clinical scenarios. J Neurosurg Spine. 2021;35(3):284-91.
Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Mayer MH. A new microsurgical technique for minimally invasive anterior lumbar interbody fusion. Spine. 1997;22(6):691-699.
2. Ozgur BM, Aryan HE, Pimenta L, Taylor WR. Extreme lateral interbody fusion: a novel surgical technique for anterior lumbar interbody fusion. Spine J. 2006;6:435-43.
3. Silvestre C, Mac-Thiong JM, Hilmi R, Roussouly P. Complications and morbidities of mini-open anterior retroperitoneal lumbar interbody fusion: oblique lumbar interbody fusion in 179 patients. Asian Spine J. 2012;6(2):89-97.
4. Jin Ko M, Park SW, Kim YB. Effect of cage in radiological differences between direct and oblique lateral interbody fusion techniques. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2019;62(4):432-441.
5. Mehren C, Mayer HM, Zandanell C, Siepe CJ, Korge A. The oblique anterolateral approach to the lumbar spine provides access with few early complications. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016;474(9):2020-7.
6. Li JX, Phan K, Mobbs R. Oblique lumbar interbody fusion: technical aspects, operative outcomes, and complications. World Neurosurg. 2017;98:113-123.
7. Woods KR, Billys JB, Hynes RA. Technical description of oblique lateral interbody fusion at L1-L5 and L5-S1 and evaluation of complication and fusion rates. Spine J. 2017;17(4):545-553.
8. Rawicki N, Dowdell JE, Sandhu HS. Current state of navigation in spine surgery. Ann Transl Med. 2021;9(1):85.
9. D’Souza M, Gendreau J, Feng A, Kim LH, Ho AL, Veeravagu A. Robotic-assisted spine surgery: history, efficacy, cost, and future trends. Robot Surg. 2019;6:9-23.
10. Lewandrowski KU, Vira S, Elfar JC, Lorio MP. Advancements in custom 3D-printed titanium interbody spinal fusion cages and their relevance in personalized spine care. J Pers Med. 2024;14(8):809.
Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Hodgson AR, Stock FE. The Classic: anterior spinal fusion: a preliminary communication on the radical treatment of Pott’s disease and Pott’s paraplegia. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006;444:10-5.
2. Matur AV, Mejia-Munne JC, Plummer ZJ, Cheng JS, Prestigiacomo CJ. The history of anterior and lateral approaches to the lumbar spine. World Neurosurg. 2020;144:213-21.
3. Brown NJ, Pennington Z, Kuo CC, Lopez AM, Picton B, Solomon S, et al. Endoscopic anterior lumbar interbody fusion: systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian Spine J. 2023;17(6):1139-54.
4. Phan K, Xu J, Scherman DB, Rao PJ, Mobbs RJ. Anterior lumbar interbody fusion with and without an “access surgeon”: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine. 2017;42(10):E592-E601.
5. Barber SM, Sulhan S, Schwartz L, Konakondla S. Anterior lumbar interbody fusion: patient selection and workup. J Spine Surg. 2024;10(4):706-14.
6. Kerolus M, Turel MK, Tan L, Deutsch H. Stand-alone anterior lumbar interbody fusion: indications, techniques, surgical outcomes and complications. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2016;13(12):1127-36.
7. Singh R, Moore ML, Hallak H, Shlobin NA, Brown N, Gendreau J, et al. Recent trends in Medicare utilization and reimbursement for lumbar fusion procedures: 2000-2019. World Neurosurg. 2022;165:e191-e6.
8. Rathbone J, Rackham M, Nielsen D, Lee SM, Hing W, Riar S, et al. ALIF versus PLIF, TLIF and PLF: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2023;32(6):1911-26.
9. Menezes CM, Alamin T, Amaral R, Carvalho AD, Diaz R, Guiroy A, et al. Need of vascular surgeon and comparison of value for anterior lumbar interbody fusion in lateral decubitus: Delphi consensus. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(9):2270-8.
10. Pereira Filho ARD, Baptista VS, Mussalem M, Junior F, Uehara MK, Aguiar NRC, et al. Incidence of intraoperative morbidities in anterior lumbar interbody fusion: a comprehensive study of 5,299 levels. Neurosurg Rev. 2025;48(1):327.
11. Jesse CM, Schwarzenbach O, Ulrich CT, Hani L, Raabe A, Schar RT. Safety and efficacy of stand-alone anterior lumbar interbody fusion in low-grade L5-S1 isthmic spondylolisthesis. Brain Spine. 2022;2:100861.
12. Mobbs RJ, Loganathan A, Yeung V, Rao PJ. Indications for anterior lumbar interbody fusion. Orthop Surg. 2013;5(3):153-63.
13. Pereira Filho ARD, Baptista VS, Mussalem M, de Meldau Benites V, Uehara MK, Aguiar NRC, et al. Reoperations for cage removal or replacement in patients undergoing ALIF. Neurosurg Rev. 2025;48(1):499.
14. Mobbs RJ, Lennox A, Ho YT, Phan K, Choy WJ. L5/S1 anterior lumbar interbody fusion technique. J Spine Surg. 2017;3(3):429-32.
15. Rao PJ, Loganathan A, Yeung V, Mobbs RJ. Outcomes of anterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery based on indication: a prospective study. Neurosurgery. 2015;76(1):7-23; discussion [informação final malformada no arquivo].
16. Garg J, Woo K, Hirsch J, Bruffey JD, Dilley RB. Vascular complications of exposure for anterior lumbar interbody fusion. J Vasc Surg. 2010;51(4):946-50.
17. Mobbs RJ, Phan K, Daly D, Rao PJ, Lennox A. Approach-related complications of anterior lumbar interbody fusion: results of a combined spine and vascular surgical team. Global Spine J. 2016;6(2):147-54.
18. Wood KB, Devine J, Fischer D, Dettori JR, Janssen M. Vascular injury in elective anterior lumbosacral surgery. Spine. 2010;35(9 Suppl):S66-75.
19. Choy W, Barrington N, Garcia RM, Kim RB, Rodriguez H, Lam S, et al. Risk factors for medical and surgical complications following single-level ALIF. Global Spine J. 2017;7(2):141-7.
20. Feeley A, McDonnell J, Feeley I, Butler J. Obesity: an independent risk factor for complications in anterior lumbar interbody fusion? Global Spine J. 2022;12(8):1894-903.
21. Miller EM, McAllister BD. Increased risk of postoperative wound complications among obesity classes II & III after ALIF. Spine J. 2022;22(4):587-94.
22. Momin AA, Barksdale EM 3rd, Lone Z, Enders JJ, Nowacki AS, Winkelman RD, et al. Exploring perioperative complications of anterior lumbar interbody fusion in patients with prior abdominal surgery. Spine J. 2020;20(7):1037-43.
23. Phan K, Rogers P, Rao PJ, Mobbs RJ. Influence of obesity on complications, clinical outcome, and subsidence after ALIF. World Neurosurg. 2017;107:334-41.
24. Safaee MM, Tenorio A, Osorio JA, Choy W, Amara D, Lai L, et al. The impact of obesity on perioperative complications in patients undergoing ALIF. J Neurosurg Spine. 2020;33(3):332-41.
25. Ullery BW, Thompson P, Mell MW. Anterior retroperitoneal spine exposure following prior endovascular aortic aneurysm repair. Ann Vasc Surg. 2016;35:207.e5-9.
26. Cawley DT, Shafafy R, Agu O, Molloy S. Anterior spinal fusion with lumbosacral transitional vertebra: a systematic review and proposed treatment algorithm. Brain Spine. 2023;3:101713.
27. Diebo BG, Balmaceno-Criss M, Lafage R, McDonald CL, Alsoof D, Halayqeh S, et al. Sagittal alignment in the degenerative lumbar spine: surgical planning. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2024;106(5):445-57.
28. Dias Pereira Filho AR. Technique for exposing lumbar discs in anterior approach using Steinmann wires: arthroplasties or arthrodesis. World Neurosurg. 2021;148:189-95.
29. Buckland AJ, Leon C, Ashayeri K, Cheng I, Thomas JA, Braly B, et al. Spinal exposure for ALIF in lateral decubitus position: anatomical and technical considerations. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(9):2188-95.
30. Nayak R, Razzouk J, Ramos O, Mehta S, Harianja G, Wycliffe N, et al. Oblique lateral interbody fusion at L5-S1: feasibility, surgical approach window, incision line, and influencing factors. Eur Spine J. 2024;33(7):2604-10.
31. Stienen MN, Yoo K, Schonfeld E, Shah V, Abikenari M, Pangal D, et al. Single position lateral anterior lumbar interbody fusion at L5/S1. Neurosurgery. 2025;96(3S):S17-S25.
32. Thomas JA, Menezes C, Buckland AJ, Khajavi K, Ashayeri K, Braly BA, et al. Single-position circumferential lumbar spinal fusion: terminology, concepts, rationale and evidence base. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(9):2167-74.
33. Woods KR, Billys JB, Hynes RA. Technical description of OLIF at L1-L5 and L5-S1 and evaluation of complication and fusion rates. Spine J. 2017;17(4):545-53.
34. Ashayeri K, Leon C, Tigchelaar S, Fatemi P, Follett M, Cheng I, et al. Single position lateral decubitus ALIF and posterior fusion reduces complications and improves perioperative outcomes. Spine J. 2022;22(3):419-28.
35. Aspalter S, Stefanits H, Maier CJ, Radl C, Wagner H, Hermann P, et al. Reduction of spondylolisthesis and restoration of lumbar lordosis after ALIF. BMC Surg. 2023;23(1):66.
36. Farber SH, Sagar S, Godzik J, Zhou JJ, Walker CT, Khajavi K, et al. Radiographic comparison of lordotic and hyperlordotic implants in L5-S1 ALIF. J Neurosurg Spine. 2022;36(5):775-83.
37. Cho SS, Farber SH, DiDomenico JD, Teng CW, Park MT, Chang SW, et al. Radiographic and clinical outcomes after stand-alone ALIF for symptomatic L5-S1 retrolisthesis. Oper Neurosurg. 2023. [Volume e paginação ausentes no arquivo.]
38. Razzouk J, Cheng D, Carter D, Mehta S, Ramos O, Cheng W. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of ALIF with anterior plate fixation. Cureus. 2024;16(2):e55139.
39. Esmende SM, Solomito MJ, Eisler J, Finkel KJ, Kainkaryam PP, Maffeo-Mitchell CL. Utility of transversus abdominis plane and rectus sheath blocks in patients undergoing ALIF. Spine J. 2022;22(10):1660-5.
40. Mummaneni PV, Dhall SS, Eck JC, Groff MW, Ghogawala Z, Watters WC 3rd, et al. Guideline update for fusion procedures for degenerative disease of the lumbar spine. Part 11. J Neurosurg Spine. 2014;21(1):67-74.
41. Polikeit A, Ferguson SJ, Nolte LP, Orr TE. The importance of the endplate for interbody cages in the lumbar spine. Eur Spine J. 2003;12(6):556-61.
42. Rihn JA, Kirkpatrick K, Albert TJ. Graft options in posterolateral and posterior interbody lumbar fusion. Spine. 2010;35(17):1629-39.
43. Teng I, Han J, Phan K, Mobbs R. A meta-analysis comparing ALIF, PLIF, TLIF and LLIF. J Clin Neurosci. 2017;44:11-7.
44. Kapustka B, Kiwic G, Chodakowski P, Miodonski JP, Wysokinski T, Laczynski M, et al. Anterior lumbar interbody fusion: biometrical results and own experiences. Neurosurg Rev. 2020;43(2):687-93.
45. Rao PJ, Ghent F, Phan K, Lee K, Reddy R, Mobbs RJ. Stand-alone anterior lumbar interbody fusion for treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis. J Clin Neurosci. 2015;22(10):1619-24.
46. Daniels AH, Daher M, Nassar JE, Haddad S, Boissiere L, Hurley RK, et al. Transforaminal versus anterior lumbar interbody fusion at L5-S1 for degenerative spine disease: a meta-analysis. Spine. 2025;50(12):E231-E9.
47. Zhang Y, Vengsarkar VA, Chi J, Yang H, Goudarzi A, Shen M, et al. L4-S1 ALIF restores and maintains lordosis while minimizing adjacent segment disease compared to L4-S1 TLIF. Spine J. 2026;26(2):292-300.
48. Onishi FJ, de Vasconcelos VT. ALIF vs. posterior fusion for lumbar degenerative disease: comparable efficacy but elevated risk of severe complications. Eur Spine J. 2025;34(9):4010-23.
49. Pelletier Y, Lareyre F, Cointat C, Raffort J. Management of vascular complications during anterior lumbar spinal surgery using mini-open retroperitoneal approach. Ann Vasc Surg. 2021;74:475-88.
50. Fujii T, Kumar R, Cha J, Bansal A, de Oliveira RG, Louie PK, et al. Neurological complications following anterior lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic review. Global Spine J. 2025. [Paginação não fornecida.]
51. Body AM, Plummer ZJ, Krueger BM, Virojanapa J, Nasser R, Cheng JS, et al. Retrograde ejaculation following anterior lumbar surgery: a systematic review and pooled analysis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2021;35(4):427-36.
Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Anderson PA, Rouleau JP. Intervertebral disc arthroplasty. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004;29(23):2779-2786.
2. Lemaire JP, Carrier H, Sariali E, Skalli W, Lavaste F. Clinical and radiological outcomes with the Charité artificial disc: a 10-year minimum follow-up. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2005;18(4):353-359.
3. Mummaneni PV, Burkus JK, Haid RW. Clinical and radiographic analysis of cervical disc arthroplasty compared with allograft fusion. Neurosurgery. 2007;60(5):935-948.
4. Cho SK, Riew KD. The biomechanics of cervical disc replacement. Spine J. 2003;3(4):256-259.
5. Galbusera F, Bellini CM, Raimondi MT, et al. Biomechanics and finite element modeling of total disc replacement. Eur Spine J. 2008;17 Suppl 1:S125-S134.
6. Faizan A, Kiapour A, Goel VK, et al. Effects of total disc replacement design on lumbar spine biomechanics: a finite element study. Eur Spine J. 2012;21(Suppl 5):S688-S700.
7. Guyer RD, Blumenthal SL, Ohnmeiss DD. Prospective randomized study of the CHARITÉ artificial disc: five-year results and implications. Spine J. 2009;9(5):374-386.
8. Gornet MF, Copay AG, Bono CM, et al. Cervical disc arthroplasty: long-term outcomes and comparison to fusion. Eur Spine J. 2017;26(6):1435-1446.
9. Biyani A, Andersson GB. Cervical disc arthroplasty: evidence-based medicine and rationale for surgical intervention. Orthop Clin North Am. 2011;42(4):577-584.
10. van den Eerenbeemt KD, Ostelo RW, van Royen BJ, Peul WC, van Tulder MW. Total disc replacement surgery for symptomatic degenerative lumbar disc disease: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2010;19(8):1262-1280.
11. Jacobs WC, van der Gaag NA, Tuschel A, et al. Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(9):CD008326.
12. Mobbs RJ, Phan K, Malham G, et al. Lumbar disc replacement: a review of the literature. Asian Spine J. 2015;9(5):932-940.
13. Yue JJ, Bae HW, Bertagnoli R, et al. The indications for lumbar disc replacement. Spine J. 2004;4(6 Suppl):S134-S135.
14. Gornet MF, Burkus JK, Shaffrey ME, et al. Cervical disc arthroplasty: indications, technique, and outcomes. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2019;27(9):e393-e403.
15. Bertagnoli R, Yue JJ, Fenk-Mayer A, et al. Disc replacement in the cervical spine with the ProDisc-C: clinical and radiographic results with an average follow-up of 24 months. Spine. 2005;30(7):155-162.
16. Zigler JE, Rashbaum RF, Ohnmeiss DD. Lumbar total disc replacement: long-term results. Spine. 2007;32(11):1251-1261.
17. Janssen ME, Zigler JE, Spivak JM, et al. ProDisc-L: total disc replacement versus fusion for single-level degenerative disc disease. J Neurosurg Spine. 2015;23(5):556-563.
18. Le Huec JC, Aunoble S, Pellisé F, et al. A critical review of sagittal balance correction by lumbar intervertebral disc arthroplasty. Eur Spine J. 2015;24 Suppl 4:S497-S504.
19. Bertagnoli R, Kumar S. Indications and complications of total disc replacement. Orthop Clin North Am. 2005;36(3):371-379.
20. Gornet MF, Burkus JK, Shaffrey ME, et al. Avoiding complications in cervical and lumbar disc arthroplasty. Orthop Clin North Am. 2011;42(4):609-617.
21. Delamarter RB, Murrey D, Janssen ME, et al. Prospective, randomized, multicenter Food and Drug Administration Investigational Device Exemption Study of the ProDisc-L total disc replacement versus circumferential fusion for the treatment of single-level degenerative disc disease. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2011;24(5):349-361.
22. Mehren C, Mayer HM, Zandanell C, et al. Five-year results of the prospective multicenter study of the Charité artificial disc: clinical and radiographic outcomes. Spine. 2006;31(14):1556-1563.
23. Zeegers WS, Bohnen LM, Laaper M, Verhaegen MJ. Artificial disc replacement with the modular type SB Charité III: 2-year results in 50 patients. Eur Spine J. 1999;8(3):210-217.
24. Esfandiary E, Wagnac E, Arjmand N. Biomechanical evaluation of total disc replacement designs: a finite element study. Med Eng Phys. 2020;76:1-8.
25. Pimenta L, Turner AW, Dooley ZA, et al. Biomechanical evaluation of an elastomeric lumbar disc replacement: replication of intact motion. Spine J. 2017;17(6):889-899.
26. Skovrlj B, Guzman JZ, Caridi JM, et al. The influence of 3D technology on spinal surgery: a review of current applications. Spine. 2015;40(3):E211-E218.
27. Brau SA. Anterior retroperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1997;22(6):691-696.
28. DiAngelo DJ, Foley KT, Vossel KA, et al. In vitro biomechanics of cervical disc arthroplasty with the BRYAN® Cervical Disc. Spine. 2003;28(20):S122-S132.
29. Burkus JK, Traynelis VC, Haid RW, et al. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of cervical disc replacement with the Prestige ST implant at 2-year follow-up. J Neurosurg Spine. 2006;4(5):303-309.
30. Guyer RD, Zigler JE, Blumenthal SL, et al. ProDisc-L: five-year results of a randomized controlled trial. Spine. 2009;34(6):556-565.
31. Benites VM, Mussalem MGLB, Baptista VS, Pasetti ES, Gomes ID, Desideri AV, et al. Comparison of Stand-Alone Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion, 360° Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion, and Arthroplasty for Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation: Focus on Nerve Decompression and Painful Spinal Instability Resolution. Int J Spine Surg. 2025;19(3):302-311.
32. Murrey D, Janssen ME, Delamarter R, Goldstein J, Zigler J, Tay B, et al. Results of the prospective, randomized, controlled multicenter Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption study of the ProDisc-L total disc replacement compared to circumferential fusion. Spine J. 2009;9(4):275-286.
33. Radcliff K, Davis RJ, Hisey MS, Nunley PD, Hoffman GA, Jackson RJ, et al. Long-term Evaluation of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty with the Mobi-C Cervical Disc: A Randomized, Prospective, Multicenter Clinical Trial with Seven-Year Follow-up. Int J Spine Surg. 2017;11(4):31.
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35. Peng B, Pang X, Wu Y, et al. Revision surgery after lumbar total disc replacement: causes and outcomes. Clin Spine Surg. 2017;30(2):E125-E130.
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Técnicas Quirúrgicas
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Técnicas Quirúrgicas
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Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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36. Luo J, Cao K, Huang S, et al. Comparison of laminoplasty with laminectomy and fusion for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a meta-analysis. Eur Spine J. 2018;27(6):1349-1360.
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41. Bartels RHMA, Donk R, van der Wilt GJ, et al. The relation between the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and functional and quality-of-life outcomes for patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Spine J. 2017;17(11):1625-1631.
42. Li Z, Tang J, Hou S, et al. The effect of sagittal parameters on axial neck pain after cervical posterior single-door laminoplasty. Front Surg. 2022;9:973924.
43. Park Y, Lee J, Lee SH, et al. Short-term surgical outcomes of single open-door laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy in elderly patients. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2014;56(2):126-132.
44. O'Brien MF, Peterson D, Casey AT, Crockard HA. A novel method for laminoplasty fixation. Technical note. J Neurosurg. 1996; 84(4):703-705.
45. Wang JM, Lin CF, Chen Y, et al. The results of expansive open-door laminoplasty with plate fixation in the treatment of cervical myelopathy. J Orthop Surg Res. 2011;6:31.
46. Chen Z, Liu Z, Yuan C, et al. Short-term predictive potential of quantitative assessment of spinal cord impairment in patients undergoing French-door Laminoplasty for degenerative cervical myelopathy: preliminary results of an exploratory study exploiting intraoperative ultrasound data. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020;21(1):325.
47. Gu Y, Cao Z, Gao R, et al. Open-Door versus French-Door Laminoplasty for Patients with Multisegmental Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. World Neurosurg. 2021; 155:e336-e346.
48. Wang L, Song Y, Liu L, et al. Open-Door versus French-Door Laminoplasty for Multilevel Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A 5-Year Follow-up Study. Orthop Surg. 2020;12(1):169-178.
49. Chen Y, Wang X, Lu X, et al. Comparison of laminoplasty and laminectomy with fusion for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Surg. 2022;8:790593.
50. Lee SH, Kim KT, Suk KS, et al. C3 Laminectomy versus C3 Laminoplasty in French-door Laminoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Orthop Surg. 2021;13(3):364-372.
51. Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liu H, et al. Efficacy and safety of laminoplasty combined with C3 laminectomy for patients with multilevel degenerative cervical myelopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Spine J. 2024;33(5):1848-1863.
52. Alafandi A, Koptan W, El-Miligui Y. Laminoplasty versus laminectomy with fusion for management of multilevel cervical myelopathy. SICOT J. 2019; 5:2.
53. Highsmith JM, Dhall SS, Haid RW Jr, et al. Treatment of cervical stenotic myelopathy: a cost and outcome comparison of laminoplasty versus laminectomy and lateral mass fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2011;14(5):619-625.
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55. Naderi S, Acar F, Mertol T. Functional results of cervical laminoplasty. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2003; 145(2):113-7.
56. Zileli M, Shiraishi T, Kato M. Laminoplasty for the treatment of primary spinal cord tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2023; 39(1):9-18.
57. Yonenobu K, Hosono N, Iwasaki M, et al. Laminoplasty versus subtotal corpectomy. A comparative study of results in multisegmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1992;17(11):1281-1284.
58. Edwards CC 2nd, Heller JG, Murakami H. Corpectomy versus laminoplasty for multilevel cervical myelopathy: a comparative radiographic and clinical analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002; 27(11):1188-93.
59. Ghogawala Z, Terrin N, Dunbar MR, et al. Effect of Ventral vs Dorsal Spinal Surgery on Patient-Reported Physical Functioning in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2021; 325(10):942-51.
60. Anandan S, Price R, Chutkan N. Laminoplasty versus Laminectomy with Fusion for the Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy in a North American Population. J Spine. 2019; 8:425.
61. Avetisian H, Mathew K, Myers A, et al. Laminoplasty vs Laminectomy and Fusion for Cervical Myelopathy: Alarming Rates of Bias. Global Spine J. 2024:21925682241233857.
62. Lee DH, Cho JH, Kim NH, et al. The Incidence and Risk Factors of C5 Palsy after Cervical Spine Surgery: A Multicenter Study. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2017;60(5):586-592.
63. Epstein NE. C5 nerve root palsies following cervical spine surgery: A review. Surg Neurol Int. 2016; 7(Suppl 13):S349-S355.
64. Ito H, Neo M, Sakamoto T, et al. The trapezius muscle is a risk factor for neck pain after cervical laminoplasty. Nagoya J Med Sci. 2021;83(1):121-131.
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66. Abd-El-Barr MM, Lu Y, Ruan C, et al. Future Perspective of Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery. J Clin Med. 2022;11(11):3158.
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71. Ghermandi R, Lovi A, Schiavi P, et al. The role of biomaterials and osteobiologics in modern spine surgery. J Funct Biomater. 2022;13(3):141.
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Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Kim YJ, Lenke LG. Thoracic pedicle screw placement: free-hand technique. Neurol India. 2005;53(4):512-9.
2. Giubilei DB, Cavali PTM, Lehoczki MA, Rossato AJ, Risso-Neto MI, Zuiani GR, et al. Avaliação tomográfica do posicionamento de parafusos pediculares em deformidades na coluna torácica e lombar introduzidos com base na técnica “free-hand”. Coluna/Columna. 2011;10(4):321-4.
3. Shin BJ, James AR, Njoku IU, Hartl R. Pedicle screw navigation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of perforation risk for computer-navigated versus freehand insertion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2012;17(2):113-22.
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5. Ebraheim NA, Xu R, Ahmad M, Yeasting RA. Projection of the thoracic pedicle and its morphometric analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1997;22(3):233-8.
6. Vaccaro AR, Rizzolo SJ, Allardyce TJ, Ramsey M, Salvo J, Balderston RA, et al. Placement of pedicle screws in the thoracic spine. Part I: morphometric analysis of the thoracic vertebrae. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1995;77(8):1193-9.
7. Vieweg U, Morrison R. Stabilization of the thoracic spine with internal fixator. In: Vieweg U, Grochulla F, editors. Manual of spine surgery. Berlin: Springer; 2012. p. 231-9.
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9. Grauer JN, Vaccaro AR, Brusovanik G, Girardi FP, Silveri CP, Cammisa FP, et al. Evaluation of a novel pedicle probe for placement of thoracic and lumbosacral screws. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2004;17(6):492-7.
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13. Risso Neto MI. Parafusos pediculares na coluna torácica. In: Cirurgia da coluna: da simulação à prática. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2017.
14. Kim YJ, Lenke LG, Bridwell KH, Cho YS, Riew KD. Free hand pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine: is it safe? Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004;29(3):333-42.
15. De Marco FA, Risso Neto MI, Cavali PTM, Sussi MA, Pasqualini W, Landim E, et al. Avaliação do posicionamento dos parafusos pediculares na coluna torácica e lombar introduzidos com base em referenciais anatômicos e radioscópicos. Coluna/Columna. 2008;7(1):1-7.
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Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Jain A, Hassanzadeh H, Strike SA, Menga EN, Sponseller PD, Kebaish KM. Pelvic fixation in adult and pediatric spine surgery: historical perspective, indications, and techniques. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2015; 97(18):1521-8.
2. Chang TL, Sponseller PD, Kebaish KM, Fishman EK. Low Profile Pelvic Fixation: Anatomic Parameters for Sacral Alar-Iliac Fixation Versus Traditional Iliac Fixation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009; 34(5):436-40.
3. Von Glinski A, Yilmaz E, Ishak B, Hayman E, Ramey W, Jack A, et al. The modified iliac screw: an anatomic comparison and technical guide. World Neurosurg. 2020; 136:e608-13.
4. Shillingford JN, Laratta JL, Tan LA, Sarpong NO, Lin JD, Fischer CR, et al. The Free-Hand Technique for S2-Alar-Iliac Screw Placement: A Safe and Effective Method for Sacropelvic Fixation in Adult Spinal Deformity. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2018; 100(5):334-42.
5. Mattei TA, Fassett DR. Combined S-1 and S-2 sacral alar-iliac screws as a salvage technique for pelvic fixation after pseudarthrosis and lumbosacropelvic instability: technical note. J Neurosurg Spine. 2013; 19(3):321-30.
6. Jain A, Kebaish KM, Sponseller PD. Sacral-Alar-Iliac Fixation in Pediatric Deformity: Radiographic Outcomes and Complications. Spine Deform. 2016; 4(3):225-9.
7. Tavares-Júnior MCM, Sanchez FB, Iturralde JDU, Fernandes RJR, Marcon RM, Cristante AF, et al. Comparative tomographic study of the iliac screw and the S2-alar-iliac screw in children. Clinics (São Paulo). 2020; 75:e1824.
8. Park PJ, Lin JD, Makhni MC, Cerpa M, Lehman RA, Lenke LG. Dual S2 Alar-Iliac Screw Technique With a Multirod Construct Across the Lumbosacral Junction: Obtaining Adequate Stability at the Lumbosacral Junction in Spinal Deformity Surgery. Neurospine. 2020; 17(2):466-70.
9. Yang H, Pan A, Hai Y, Cheng F, Ding H, Liu Y. Biomechanical evaluation of multiple pelvic screws and multirod construct for the augmentation of lumbosacral junction in long spinal fusion surgery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023; 11:1148342.
10. Laratta JL, Shillingford JN, Lombardi JM, Alrabaa RG, Benkli B, Fischer C, et al. Accuracy of S2 alar-iliac screw placement under robotic guidance. Spine Deform. 2018; 6(2):130-6.
11. Li B, Chan AK, Mummaneni PV, Burke JF, Safaee MM, Chou D. Preliminary experience using S1-alar iliac fixation with navigation: technical note. J Neurosurg Spine. 2021; 35(6):774-9.
12. Weistroffer JK, Perra JH, Lonstein JE, Schwender JD, Garvey TA, Transfeldt EE, et al. Complications in Long Fusions to the Sacrum for Adult Scoliosis: Minimum Five-Year Analysis of Fifty Patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008; 33(13):1478-83.
13. Bourghli A, Boissière L, Obeid I. Dual iliac screws in spinopelvic fixation: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2019; 28(10):2300-11.
14. Mohanty S, Stephan SR, Mikhail C, Platt A, Bakhsheshian J, Hassan FM, et al. Maintaining stability at the lumbosacral-pelvic region in adult spinal deformity surgery without sacroiliac joint fusion: are 4 pelvic screws superior to 2 pelvic screws? J Neurosurg Spine. 2022; 37(6):774-80.
15. Tavares Junior MCM, Souza JPV, Araujo TPF, Marcon RM, Cristante AF, Barros Filho TEP, et al. Comparative tomographic study of the S2-alar-iliac screw versus the iliac screw. Eur Spine J. 2019; 28(5):855-62.
16. Sullivan MH, Carlson BC, Milbrandt TA, Stans AA, Shaughnessy WJ, Nassr A, et al. Sacropelvic fixation with S2-alar-iliac (S2AI) screws via CT-guided navigation. JPOSNA. 2023; 5(1):1-7.
17. Shillingford JN, Laratta JL, Park PJ, Lombardi JM, Tuchman A, Saifi CS, et al. Human versus robot: a propensity-matched analysis of the accuracy of free hand versus robotic guidance for placement of S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screws. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2018; 43(21):E1297-E1304.
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Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Autores / Colaboradores:
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Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Miladi L, Mousny M. A novel technique for treatment of progressive scoliosis in young children using a 3-hook and 2-screw construct (H3S2) on a single sub-muscular growing rod: Surgical technique. European Spine Journal. 2014; 23(Suppl. 4):5432-7.
2. Gupta K, Barik S, Sarkar MH, Chaudhary S, Sinha SK, Raj V, et al. Use of Growth Rod Systems for Management of Early Onset Scoliosis in Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review. Turkish Neurosurgery. Turkish Neurosurgical Society. 2023; 33(2):177-84.
3. Wijdicks SPJ, Tromp IN, Yazici M, Kempen DHR, Castelein RM, Kruyt MC. A comparison of growth among growth-friendly systems for scoliosis: a systematic review. Spine Journal. Elsevier Inc. 2019; 19(5):789-99.
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5. Pu X, Yang B, Zhou Q, Chen H, Wang B, Zhu Z, et al. Halo-gravity traction combined with growing rod treatment: an effective preoperative management for severe early-onset scoliosis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2023; 39(6):734-41.
6. Jain VV, Berry CA, Crawford AH, Emans JB, Sponseller PD. Growing Rods Are an Effective Fusionless Method of Controlling Early-Onset Scoliosis Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1): A Multicenter Retrospective Case Series. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. 2017; 37(8):e612-8.
7. Zhang YBin, Zhang JG. Treatment of early-onset scoliosis: Techniques, indications, and complications. Chinese Medical Journal. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2020; 133(3):351-7.
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15. Análise de Inconsistências nas Referências Bibliográficas:
16. Referência 1: Apresenta provável erro de digitação na paginação "5432-7" em vez da convenção habitual de suplemento "S432-7".
17. Referência 4: Citação incompleta para revisão sistemática publicada, omitindo nome do periódico, volume e páginas, fornecendo apenas a URL do repositório.
18. Referência 7: O nome do primeiro autor consta grafado como "Zhang YBin" sem o espaçamento padronizado entre as iniciais ("Y Bin").
19. Referência 8: Citação incompleta, sem o nome da revista científica e com indicação genérica de site ([www.pedorthopaedics.com](https://www.pedorthopaedics.com)).
20. Referência 10: Título sem pontuação delimitadora antes da interrogação final da frase ("is it really final?").
Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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6. Cavali PTM, Rossato AJ, Lima MC. Deformidades paralíticas da coluna vertebral. In: Hebert S, Lech O, editores. Ortopedia e Traumatologia: Princípios e Prática. 6ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Di Livros; 2024. p. 167–76.
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8. Gaume M, Vergari C, Khouri N, Skalli W, Glorion C, Miladi L. Minimally invasive surgery for neuromuscular scoliosis: results and complications at a minimal follow-up of 5 years. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2021;46(24):1696–704.
9. Polly DW Jr, Ackerman SJ, Schneider K, Pawelek JB, Akbarnia BA. Cost analysis of magnetically controlled growing rods compared with traditional growing rods for early-onset scoliosis in the US: an integrated health care delivery system perspective. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 2016;8:457–65.
10. Luhmann SJ, McAughey E, Ackerman SJ, Bumpass DB, McCarthy RE. Cost analysis of a growth guidance system compared with traditional and magnetically controlled growing rods for early-onset scoliosis. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 2018;10:179–87.
11. Gaume M, Gerard P, Khouri N, Glorion C, Dubousset J, Miladi L. Long-term outcomes of ilio-sacral screws in minimally invasive bipolar fusionless technique for neuromuscular scoliosis: a retrospective study in 167 patients. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022;142(8):1773–82.
12. Gaume M, Persohn S, Vergari C, Glorion C, Skalli W, Miladi L. Biomechanical cadaver study of proximal fixation in a minimally invasive bipolar construct. Spine Deform. 2020;8(2):307–13.
13. Gaume M, Hajj R, Khouri N, Johnson MB, Miladi L. One-way self-expanding rod in neuromuscular scoliosis: preliminary results of a prospective series of 21 patients. JBJS Open Access. 2021;6(2):e21.00089.
14. Gaume M, Khouri N, Glorion C, Miladi L. Minimally invasive bipolar instrumentation for neuromuscular scoliosis: does it avoid final spinal fusion? Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2020;45(12):E721–9.
15. Miladi L, Gaume M, Khouri N, Glorion C. Bipolar instrumentation: a safe salvage technique for failed traditional growing rods in pediatric spinal deformities. Children (Basel). 2024;11(4):512. doi:10.3390/children11040512.
16. Miladi L, Gaume M, Vergari C, Glorion C, Khouri N. Two-year follow-up of the New Expandable Mechanically Operated Sliding Tool (NEMOST) in early-onset neuromuscular scoliosis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2024;19:164. doi:10.1186/s13018-024-04058-5.
17. Haveman RA, Hofmann KJ, Swenson DW, Gardner MJ. Accuracy in navigated percutaneous sacroiliac screw fixation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Injury. 2025;56(1):12–22. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2024.12.018.
18. Wang JQ, Fan Y, Zhang Z, Xu ZW, Wang Q, Feng Y. A prospective randomized comparison of robot-assisted versus freehand technique for sacroiliac screw placement. Int Orthop. 2017;41(9):1815–22. doi:10.1007/s00264-017-3550-1
Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
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5. Wenger DR, Carollo JJ, Wilkerson JAJ. Biomechanics of scoliosis correction by segmental spinal instrumentation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1982;7(3):260-4.
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Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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45. Gokaslan ZL, York JE, Walsh GL, McCutcheon IE, Lang FF, Putnam JB, et al. Transthoracic vertebrectomy for metastatic spinal tumors. J Neurosurg. 1998;89(4):599-609.
46. Schneider E, Lutschounig MC, Straub J, Vertesich K, Krepler P, Rienmüller A, et al. En Bloc Total Vertebrectomy of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine. J Clin Med. 2024;13(17):5312.
47. Luzzati AD, Shah S, Gagliano F, Perrucchini G, Scotto G, Aloisio M. Multilevel En Bloc Spondylectomy for Tumors of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Is Challenging But Rewarding. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015;473(3):858-67.
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52. Roser S, Maharaj MM, Taylor MA, Kuru R, Hansen MA, Ferch R. Vertebrectomy in metastatic spinal tumours: A 10 year, single-centre review of outcomes and survival. J Clin Neurosci. 2019;68:218-23.
53. Gokaslan ZL, York JE, Walsh GL, McCutcheon IE, Lang FF, Putnam JB, et al. Transthoracic vertebrectomy for metastatic spinal tumors. J Neurosurg. 1998;89(4):599-609.
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Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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Sección 8
Técnicas Quirúrgicas
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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17. Da Silva LECT, De Barros AGC, De Castro CJ, De Souza RT, Azevedo GBL, Casado PL. Results of the use of PEEK cages in the treatment of basilar invagination by Goel technique. Coluna/Columna. 2016;15:61-4.
18. Silva JDS, Silva LECT, Silva FGS, Tavares RH, Barros AGC. Labiomandibular glossotomy approach for craniocervical pathologies-spine reconstruction. Coluna/Columna. 2021;20:137-43.
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20. Silva LECT, Barros AGC, Pereira MGS. Rheumatoid arthritis of the craniovertebral junction: surgical strategies, current approach and proposal of a new therapeutic algorithm. J Rheum Dis Treat. 2017;3:2.
21. Wolfs JFC, Kloppenburg M, Fehlings MG, Van Tulder MW, Boers M, Peul WC. Neurologic outcome of surgical and conservative treatment of rheumatoid cervical spine subluxation: a systematic review. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2009;61:1743-52.
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Temas Complementarios
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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33. Orhurhu V, Orhurhu MS, Bhatia A, et al. Ketamine infusions for chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Anesth Analg. 2019;129(1):241-54.
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Temas Complementarios
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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Temas Complementarios
Autores / Colaboradores:
Referencias Bibliográficas:
1. Ornstein E, Berko R. Anesthesia techniques in complex spine surgery. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2006;17(3):191-203.
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4. Stein M, Cassara EL. Preoperative pulmonary evaluation and therapy for surgery patients. JAMA. 1970;211:787-90.
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35. Hui S, Xu D, Ren Z. Can tranexamic acid conserve blood and save operative time in spinal surgeries? A meta-analysis. Spine J. 2018;18:1325-37.
36. Yuan L, Zeng Y, Chen ZQ. Efficacy and safety of antifibrinolytic agents in spinal surgery. Chin Med J. 2019;132:577-88.
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Temas Complementarios
Referencias Bibliográficas:
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